Chapter 15

Question 1

What were the municipal corporation?

Answer 1

Corporation played a key role in controlling the elections of MPS and were elected members of the council

Question 2

Why were they in need of reform ?

Answer 2

There were about 250 in total and in 180 only members of the council could voter, great variation in how they were run/bribery and corruption was rife/ power was concentrated in their hands of minority

Question 3

How many old corporations were dissolved?

Answer 3

Over 200

Question 4

How many municipal borough were set up to replace them ?

Answer 4

179

Question 5

What were the strength of the act ?

Answer 5

The act gave council powers to carry out certain improvements, a system was established to try and end the misuse of borough funds, produced a wider franchise

Question 6

What were the limitations?

Answer 6

Although it produced a wider franchise than 1832 many were still excluded, ability to make improvement was held back by financial constraints/ no central body to achieve uniform standards

Question 7

Give two ways in which the Whig reforms addressed the problems faced by society ?

Answer 7

Eduction grant
Factory act 1833
Abolition of slavery 1833
Poor law amendment act 1834
Municipal corporation act 1835

Question 8

Give two ways in which the Whig reform fell short in addressing the problems faced by society?

Answer 8

-Factory act only limited child labour to extent and sometimes families would lie about the age of there child to make them work more as they were in need of the money
-conditions in workhouse were really bad and inhumane
-adult working hours
- failure of educational bill

Question 9

Which groups were satisfied with the reform ?

Answer 9

The Whigs themselves felt they had achieved their aims especially with the regards to political reform

Question 10

What was the purpose of a royal commission

Answer 10

A body set up by the government go look into a specific issue. It included expert who made proposals and recommendations to parliament

Question 11

How did the great reform act 1832 lead to the rise of the chartist movement ?

Answer 11

Many working class felt it did not go far enough in remedying the abuses in the system and further reform was required

Question 12

How did the factory act 1833 lead to the rise of the chartist movement ?

Answer 12

Many working class felt that there had been no real improvement in adult working conditions and hours within factories

Question 13

What did chartist use to try and distribute their ideas more widely ?

Answer 13

The northern star and the poor man guardian which both exempt from stamp duty

Question 14

What is meant by physical force and moral force chartist ?

Answer 14

• physical followed a more radical line
• moral force wanted to follow a moderate line

Question 15

What did the rise of Chartism often coincide with ?

Answer 15

Periods of economic downturn and high unemployment

Question 16

How did the poor law amendment act 1834 lead to the rise of the chartist movement ?

Answer 16

Many were angered by the changes in the poor laws and the imposition of the often cruel workhouses system

Question 17

What did the chartist issue in 1838 ?

Answer 17

-Universal manhood suffrage
- secret ballot
- no property qualifications for MPs
-equal constituencies
-annual parliament

Question 18

What was the outcome of the first chartist petition 1839?

Answer 18

Failure

Question 19

What was the outcome of the second chartist petition 1842?

Answer 19

Dismissed and ridiculed in parliament

Question 20

Who were the leaders of the chartist movement?

Answer 20

-William Lovett
- Feargus O’ Connor

Question 21

What were the main aims if the chartist movement ?

Answer 21

Further redress of grievances from Great Reform Act 1832

Question 22

What happened during the Newport rising 1839 ?

Answer 22

-Discontent at poor working conditions in coal mines and iron foundries in Newport , south wales
-Hundreds of armed chartist supporters were beaten and 24 were killed, imprisoned and movement lost impetus

Question 23

What was the impact of the period of economic recovery between 1842 and 1846 on the chartist movement ?

Answer 23

Lessened popularity

Question 24

Who were the a)undersving poor and b)deserving poor

Answer 24

A) poor through laziness wickedness or carelessness
B) those who found themselves enduring hardship through no fault of their own

Question 25

Why was the anti corn law league more successful than the anti poor law league?

Answer 25

One simple demand
-worked through parliament
-well financed

Question 26

Some historians have said that Chartism was a knife and fork question ?

Answer 26

Most closely associated with periods of economic downturn and unrest

Question 27

What was the plug pot ?

Answer 27

-Followed rejection of second petition. August-September 1842- a strike where boiler plugs of steam engines were knocked out to prevent factories from operating, spread to other towns
- plug pot suggesting some sinister conspiracy

Question 28

What were the aims of young Ireland and what was the response of the government ?

Answer 28

-Repealing the act of union
-put down the sporadic outbreak of violence

Question 29

Who founded the anti corn law league where and when ?

Answer 29

Richard Cobden and John Bright in Manchester in 1839

Question 30

Why were the corn laws repealed in 1846 ?

Answer 30

Irish Famine