chapter 1 Flashcards
What’s a constitutional moarchy
A constitutional monarchy is where the monarch is head of state but its power are limited by parliment
What was the Industrial Revolution ?
Huge economic, social and political change which brought great wealth to the middle class and poverty to the working class. Britain transitioned from an agrarian society to an industrial one.
What were the consequences of the IR ?
- Population growth
- Urbanisation
- More women in the workfield
- Changing class systems & workers discontent
- Change in transportation
What were the social impacts of population growth?
- Overcrowding
- Slums where disease was rife
- Poverty
What places were important industrial centres in 1783
The North, Midlands & London
What was the population in 1783 ?
10.5 million
What was the major problem in social during 1783 ?
Poverty
What were the economic impacts of population growth ?
- More workers
- Higher demand on resource
- Fuelled agriculture
How did the english economy change ?
From agrarian to industrial
What were the political impact of population growth?
Overcrowding showed that the government has a laissez-faire attitude towards public health = poltical unrest
What were the social impacts of urbanisation ?
Change in living conditions = poorer standards of living
what were the three elements of the constitutional monarchy in 1793 ?
monarch, house of lords, house of commons
what are statutes
a written law passed by a legislative body
how many people had the right to vote in 1793 in England and Wales ?
250,000 (less than 10%)
What was the role of the cabinet ?
They are the senior decision - making body of his majesty’s government.
What is another name for ‘First Lord of the Treasury’ ?
Prime minister
When did Britain lose the American Colonies?
1781 in the American war of independence
How often were general elections held ?
Every 7 years
Give two reason why did George III choose Pitt to become Prime Minster in 1793 ?
1) he had shown talent as an MP
2) George III wanted to keep Fox out of office
Identify two ways that the king rewarded Pitt for his loyalty ?
1) bestowed upon him honours and patronage
2) help him by funding his electorate
Give three reason why Pitt won the 1794 General Election ?
1) Charles Fox lost vital support
2) he had support of the monarch
3) the king used patronage in his favour
Politicians who hold significant public office are …
Ministers
The concept that a monarch rules by authority of God, through the consent of the people is …
Indirect rule
To reject a decision or proposal made by parliament is to use the power to …
Veto
Keeping a voter drunk so he could not vote for the opposition is called …
Cooping/ bribery
The right to give privileges or make appointments is …
Patronage
A fixed annual sum, agreed by parliament to meet the monarch’s household expenses is …
Civil list
Who reigned from 1760-1820 ?
George III
Potwalloper, pocket, corporation & pocket were all types of …
Rotten boroughs
Protestant who broke away from the established Anglican Church and adopted their own practices were called …
Dissenters / non-conformists
