Chapter 14: The Consolidation of the Republic: Scotland and Dunbar; Campaigns in Ireland; Charles II and Worcester Flashcards
When did the Rump vote to abolish monarchy?
February 1649.
When and what was the engagement act?
January 1650.
All adult males to declare loyalty to the commonwealth.
Who was it illegal to deny authority of in the 1650 treason act?
House of Commons.
Who was the leader of the Scottish Coventers before Charles II?
Argyll.
When did the Rump pass an act establishing commonwealth in England?
May 1649.
What did Charles II get in return for accepting the Covenant?
Military aid to invade England (Charles II wanted to seize the throne there).
Who lead England’s invasion of Scotland, following the threat of Charles II and the Covenant 1650?
Cromwell.
Fairfax refused because he didn’t like the radicalisation of the army ever since the regicide of Charles I.
Where did Cromwell retreat to at the end of 1650, after his invasion of Scotland was going poorly?
Dunbar.
What was bad about Cromwell’s campaign in Scotland in 1650, leading to him retreating to Dunbar?
- Scots withdrew behind defensible positions.
- Cromwell’s force was rapidly decreasing in numbers.
- Scotland had a very large army.
What factors led to the New Model Army defeating Scotland at Dunbar in September 1650?
- Religious motivation gave the army confidence.
- English sea power resupplied army when needed.
- England’s army better funded.
- Leslie (Scotland) had many strategic mistakes.
When did the New Model Army defeat Scotland in Dunbar?
September 1650.
Why did Cromwell sent 10,000 parliamentary troops to Ireland in 1649?
- To establish Protestant control.
- To punish Catholics fro 1641 rebellion.
- Financially exploit them.
What was Cromwells Irish campaign in 1649-50?
Bloody sieges as punishment for 1641 Catholic rebellion.
Who was left in charge of army occupation in Ireland when Cromwell went back to England in May 1650?
Henry Ireton.
What obstacles did Charles II and his Scottish army face when invading England in 1650/51?
- Desertions.
- Scottish army had little English support.
- Leslie (Scots general) was uncommitted.
- English republic good at identifying and preventing plots.
- No foreign aid.
