Chapter 10: The First Civil War: England, Scotland and Ireland

Question 1

What religion are the Parliamentarians?

Answer 1

Puritan.

Question 2

What religion are Royalists?

Answer 2

Mainly protestants.

Question 3

What Truce ended the Bishops War in October 1640?

Answer 3

Truce of Ripon.

Question 4

When did Parliament and the Scottish Coventers unite to form the Solemn League and Coventers?

Answer 4

September 1643.

Question 5

What did Parliament and the Scottish Coventers join together to form in September 1643

Answer 5

Solemn League and Coventers.

Question 6

When did the Catholic Confederation of Gaelic and Old English form?

Answer 6

May 1642.

Question 7

Who did Charles form a 1 year truce with in September 1643? What was the outcome of this truce?

Answer 7

Irish Catholic Confederation.

Irish troops sent to help royalists but had little impact.

Question 8

What was Ormond’s role in the First Civil War?

Answer 8

Led Royalist army in Ireland.

Question 9

Why did Charles lose the first civil war in Scotland and Ireland?

Answer 9

• Opponents better supplied.
• ” more organised.
• ” more religiously motivated.
• Royalists weak from early rebellions in S and I.
• Outnumbered.

Question 10

What happened at the Battle of Morston Moor (First Civil War)?

Answer 10

July 1644.

• Largest battle.
• In York - previously royalist.
• Royalists led by Prince Rupert.
• Parliamentarians won.

Question 11

What happened at the Battle of Naseby? (First Civil War)?

Answer 11

June 1645.

• Prince Rupert led Royalists.
• New Model Army’s first battle - Cromwell - decisively won.

Question 12

Name 2 significant battles in the First Civil War in England.

Answer 12

Battle of Morston Moor.

Battle of Naseby.

Question 13

When did Charles surrender to the Scots near the end of the First Civil War?

Answer 13

5th May 1646.

Question 14

What were the strengths of royalists in the first civil war?

Answer 14

• Supported by rich and military trained nobles.

- Foreign aid - Prince Rupert.

Question 15

What were the 6 weaknesses of royalists in the first civil war?

Answer 15

• Administration - Oxford Council didn’t have control of all commanders.
• Didn’t stick to strategies.
• Generals - first unexperienced but well liked, the vice versa.
• Division - Henrietta Maria and Prince Rupert wanted to continue war, King’s advisor didn’t.
• Charles military leader so had to take all the blame.
• Charles agreement with Irish Catholics - they were ineffective and decreased support for Royalists because Catholic.

Question 16

What were the 5 strengths of parliamentarians in the first civil war?

Answer 16

• Finance - ‘assessment’ - direct tax on income for war.
• Solemn League and Covenant alliance.
• Had London - propoganda - largest port - manpower etc.
• Controlled navy - stopped royalists getting supplies.
• NMA.

Question 17

How did the parliamentarians raise money for the First Civil War?

Answer 17

November 1642.
Assessments.
- Direct tax on income for war.