chapter 14 - stress and health

Question 1

what is the biopsychosocial model?

Answer 1

argues that physical illness are not only caused by biological factors but also psychosocial factors

Question 2

what is health psychology?

Answer 2

concerned with how psychosocial factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of health and with the causation, prevention and treatment of illness

Question 3

what are health practices associated with?

Answer 3

longevity

Question 4

what is stress?

Answer 4

any circumstance that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well being and that thereby tax one’s coping abilities

Question 5

what are the three different types of stressors?

Answer 5

microstressors
catastrophic events
major negative events

Question 6

what is primary appraisal?

Answer 6

demands of the situation

Question 7

what is secondary appraisal?

Answer 7

resources available to cope

Question 8

what can false appraisals can lead to?

Answer 8

lead to inappropriate stress response

Question 9

what is an acute stressor?

Answer 9

threatening evens that have a relatively short deration and clear endpoint

Question 10

what is a chronic stressor?

Answer 10

threatening events that have a relatively long deration and no clear endpoint

Question 11

what is frustration?

Answer 11

occurs in any situation in which the pursuit of some goal is blocked

Question 12

what is conflict?

Answer 12

occurs when 2 or more incompatible motivations or behavioural impulses compete for expression

Question 13

what is change?

Answer 13

any noticeable alterations in one’s living circumstances that require readjustment
measured using the social readjustment rating scale

Question 14

what is pressure?

Answer 14

expectation or demands that one behaves in a certain way

Question 15

what is pressure to preform?

Answer 15

you are expected to execute tasks successfully and efficiently

Question 16

what is pressure to conform?

Answer 16

you are expected to meet standards others have set for you

Question 17

what are the tree stress responses?

Answer 17

emotional
physiological
behavioural

Question 18

what is the emotional stress response?

Answer 18

annoyance, anger, rage
positive emotions may emerge after the fact

Question 19

what is the physiological stress response?

Answer 19

fight or flight response
2 brain body pathways

Question 20

what is the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 20

a model of the body’s stress response consisting of three phases

Question 21

what is the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 21

activation of sympathetic nervous system

Question 22

what is the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 22

physiological changes stabilize as coping efforts get underway

Question 23

what is the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 23

body’s resource may be depleted

Question 24

what is the behavioural stress response?

Answer 24

learned helplessness
aggression and catharsis
self indulgence
defense mechanisms
constructive coping

Question 25

what is psychological functioning?

Answer 25

impaired task preformance
burnout
PTSD
psychological problems and disorders
positive effects

Question 26

what is physical health?

Answer 26

psychosomatic diseases
stress and immune functioning

Question 27

what are impacts of stress?

Answer 27

social support
belief we can cope
optimism
personality type A and B
conscientiousness
autonomic reactivity

Question 28

what is PTSD?

Answer 28

anxiety disorder in response to a traumatic event

Question 29

who develops PTSD?

Answer 29

can occur at any age
10% of canadians during their life span
twice common in women
more common in people with negative childhood experiences