chapter 10 - intelligence Flashcards
what is intelligence?
the ability to learn and to meet the demands of the environment effectively
what is metacognition?
the ability to understand and control one’s mental activities
what are good intelligence tests?
reliability
validity
standardization
what is reliability?
refers to consistency in measurement
what are the three types of reliability
test retest reliability
internal consistency
interjudge reliability
what is validity?
the accuracy of measurement
what are the tree types of validity?
construct validity
content validity
criterion related validity
what is standardization?
refers to designing the test so that your score will tell you how you did relative to the population
what are 2 components of standardization?
environment - controls extraneous factors
norms - basis for interpreting your score
what are the three issues in studying intelligence?
is intelligence unitary or multifaceted?
is it determined by genetic or environmental factors?
is it important in predictable real life factors?
who is sir francis galton?
argued mental ability is inherited
theory of psychophysical performance
who is alfred binet?
development of the first standardized intelligence test
- mental age
what is mental age?
the age at which an individual is preforming intellectually
who is lewis terman?
stanford-binet intelligence scal
used binet’s MA to develop intelligence quotient
who is spearmen?
used factor analysis to determine the stricture of intelligence
what is intelligence performance governed by?
general intelligence (g-factor)
specific abilities (s-factor)
who is david wechsler?
recognized 2 problems with current testes
made three different tests to satisfy the 2 problems
what are the tree david wechslers intelligence tests?
wechsler adult intelligence scale
wechsler intelligence scale for children
wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence
who is cattell and horn?
broke down spearman’s g factor into 2 distinct abilities
- crystalized intelligence
- fluid intelligence
what is crystalized intelligence?
ability to apply previously learned knowledge to current problems
what is fluid intelligence?
ability todeal with novel problem solving situations with out any previous knowledge
what is howard gardner multiple intelligences?
nine relatively independent intelligences
- linguistic mathamatical visual-spatial
- musical, body kinesthetic, personal, naturalistic,
existentialist
what is sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence?
its a cognitive process approach
what are the 3 different components of the triarchic theory?
internal - good at analyzing and problem solving
external - very creative
experiential - knows how to do things, very practical
what is stephen ceci’s biological model of intelligence?
intelligence is a faction of the interaction between innate potential, environment and motivation
what is intellectual disability?
diagnosed based in IQ and adaptive testing
IQ score below 70
what is giftedness?
identification issues
IQ 2 SD or more above the mean
have a thirst for knowledge
what are electrophysiological studies
modest relation between IQ score and speed of processing
what is a PET scan?
lower levels of glucose in people of high intelligence
brains working more efficiently
what is neural plasticity?
forming new connections may underlie differences in intelligence
what is emotional intelligence?
ability to read others emotions correctly, respond to others appropriately, motivate oneself, regulate and control one’s own emotional response
awareness of one’s own emotion
adaptive advantages in managing emotions
