Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 377 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Parietal lobe processes and

A

integrates sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Left parietal lobe injuries are difficult to model in animals because

A

most experimental animals have small parietal lobes and lack higher cognitive functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Parietal lobe can be subdivided into multiple functional regions, including the

A

postcentral gyrus, angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, posterior parietal cortex, precuneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parietal cortex, particularly the inferior portion, has

A

expanded greatly in human evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anterior Precuneus

A

sensorimotor functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Central Precuneus

A

has cognitive functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Posterior Precuneus

A

has visual functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Somatosensory areas of the postcentral gyrus project to

A

secondary somatosensory areas in the parietal lobe as well as motor planning and motor control areas in the frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Area PE/Brodmann’s area 5 is a

A

secondary somatosensory area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Area PE/Brodmann’s area 5 is a secondary somatosensory area that projects to motor areas

A

4, 6, and 8 to guide movement by providing information about limb position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Area PF/Brodmann’s area 7 receives

A

input from somatosensory areas via PE and projects to motor areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Area PG

A

integrates information from visual, somatosensory, auditory, vestibular, and oculomotor systems with cognitive input from the cingulate to control spatially guided behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Parietal lobe receives significant innervation from

A

prefrontal cortex and sends projections to the same regions of the paralimbic and temporal cortex as the prefrontal cortex does

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dorsal visual stream seems to contain information about

A

How

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three pathways are proposed to make up the dorsal stream

A

Parieto–premotor, Parieto–prefrontal, Parieto–medial–temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Parieto–premotor pathway

A

primary “how” pathway for motor control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parieto–prefrontal pathway

A

is involved with working memory for visuospatial objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Parieto–medial–temporal pathway

A

projects to the hippocampus and parahippocampal region and is suggested to be important for spatial recognition and navigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Posterior parietal cortex is important for

A

visuospatial behaviors, and the more ventral regions are involved in perceptual functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Anterior region of parietal lobe processes

A

somatosensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Posterior region of the parietal lobe integrates

A

somatosensory and visual information with the aim of controlling movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Parietal lobe involved in creating a

A

multisensory map of the world around us to enable us to interact effortlessly with the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Temporal lobe seems to encode information about how objects

A

relate to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Eye movements are based on

A

the position of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Limb control is based on the

A

position of the joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Posterior parietal cortex plays a significant role in

A

guiding visuomotor behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Activity of neurons in posterior parietal cortex depends on

A

the visual stimulation and the ongoing behaviors of the individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Some neurons are only active when the individual makes an

A

eye or arm movement toward an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Other neurons are active when the individual

A

interacts with or manipulates the object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Sensorimotor transformation is the

A

integration of movement intention with sensory feedback about how the intended movement compares with the actual movement to perform smooth movements towards the target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Area PRR is involved in

A

motor planning by encoding the desired outcome of the movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Recordings from PRR can be used to control a

A

prosthetic device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Research suggests the medial parietal region is important for

A

route knowledge in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cells are active when a specific movement is made at a

A

particular location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cells control

A

body movements to specific locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

if the the medial parietal region is inactivated in monkeys

A

, the animal gets lost and cannot navigate correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Posterior parietal damage impairs

A

the ability to tell left from right as well as the mental manipulation of objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Other Parietal-Lobe Functions

A

Arithmetic, Language
Movement sequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

acalculia

A

Some patients with parietal-lobe dysfunction are unable to perform calculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

acalculia why?

A

This may be because math can be interpreted as having a spatial component, especially when you have to borrow in a subtraction problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Spatial organization of the letters in a word and words in a sentence

A

matters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Patients with posterior parietal damage may have language difficulties because of

A

these spatial components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Posterior parietal damage makes it difficult to

A

copy observed movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Damage to the postcentral gyrus and adjacent posterior parietal cortex results in

A

somatosensory symptoms

45
Q

Damage to the postcentral gyrus results in

A

high sensory thresholds, impaired ability to sense position, and impaired stereognosis

46
Q

With afferent paresis, lesions to the postcentral gyrus result in

A

loss of feedback about the positions of the limbs, resulting in clumsy movements

47
Q

Astereognosis is

A

the loss of the ability to identify an object by touch

48
Q

With simultaneous extinction, a subject is presented with two objects at the same time, but patients with damage to the secondary somatosensory cortex notice and report

A

only one of the objects

49
Q

Numb touch

A

the somatosensory equivalent of blind sight, in which the patient reports loss of sensation from a region but can accurately report where they were touched within that region

50
Q

Asomatognosia

A

a condition where the patient loses knowledge about their own body or condition

51
Q

Anosognosia

A

unawareness of illness

52
Q

Anosodiaphoria

A

indifference to illness

53
Q

Autopagnosia

A

inability to locate and name body parts

54
Q

Asymbolia for pain

A

lack of typical avoidance reactions to pain

55
Q

Finger agnosia is autopagnosia for fingers and is associated with

A

dyscalculia. Both are common in children with spina bifida.

56
Q

Balint syndrome results from

A

Rare condition resulting from bilateral parietal lesions

57
Q

Balint syndrome

A

Patients have normal vision and can recognize and use objects, pictures, and colors Patient could move their eyes, but not fixate on a target, Patient had simultagnosia, Patient had optic ataxia and was unable to reach a specified target with visual guidance

58
Q

Contralateral neglect associated with

A

right parietal stroke

59
Q

Contralateral neglect

A

Patients tend to neglect the left side of their own body and of the world

60
Q

Contralateral neglect Patients can recover by

A

starting to respond to stimuli on the neglected side of the body as if they were on the intact side, and recovery can continue to simultaneous neglect

61
Q

Neglect can occur following damage to

A

frontal lobes, cingulate cortex, or subcortical regions

62
Q

Neglect may be due to either

A

either impaired sensation and perception or impaired attention

63
Q

Neglect can be induced in

A

healthy individuals by applying TMS to the right intraparietal sulcus and angular gyrus

64
Q

Following posterior parietal damage, patients have difficulty

A

recognizing objects in unfamiliar views or orientations

65
Q

Gerstmann syndrome damage

A

Damage to left parietal lobe around area PG

66
Q

Gerstmann syndrome

A

Patient experienced finger agnosia, left–right confusion, agraphia, and acalculia

67
Q

Other left parietal lesions are associated with symptoms including

A

Difficulties with writing, reading, and grammar, Apraxia, Dyscalculia, Decreased digit span in verbal working memory
Difficulty with left–right discrimination

68
Q

Apraxia is the

A

loss of skilled movement

69
Q

Ideomotor apraxia patients

A

are unable to copy movements made by other people

70
Q

Ideomotor apraxia is associated with

A

left-parietal-lobe lesions

71
Q

Construction apraxia patients

A

have issues with spatial organization and are unable to assemble puzzles, draw pictures, or copy facial movements

72
Q

Construction apraxia is associated with

A

posterior-parietal-lobe damage to the left or right hemispheres

73
Q

Impairments in drawing ability can result from damage to

A

either hemisphere, but are generally more severe following damage to the right parietal lobe

74
Q

Patients with left-parietal damage produced fewer

A

recognizable drawings and used fewer lines

75
Q

Patients with right-parietal damage tended to

A

neglect the left side of the image

76
Q

Researchers suggest the parietal cortex may function to shift

A

attention from one stimulus to another

77
Q

Shifting attention involves

A

resetting the visuomotor guidance system, associated with the parietal lobe, from one target to the next target

78
Q

Damage to the left and right parietal lobes results in deficits in

A

spatial cognition, such as mental rotation

79
Q

Tasks such as mental rotation require both the

A

formation of a mental image and manipulation of that image

80
Q

Left-parietal-lobe damage may

A

impair the formation of the mental image

81
Q

Right-parietal-lobe damage may impair

A

the manipulation of the image

82
Q

Overlapping symptoms may be due to

A

the preferred cognitive mode of the patient

83
Q

somatosensory threshold test

A

two point discrimination

84
Q

Tactile form recognition test

A

Seguin-Goddard Form, Board (tactile patterns)

85
Q

Contralateral neglect test

A

Line bisection

86
Q

Visual perception test

A

GOllin incomplete figures, Mooney CLosure

87
Q

Spatial relations test

A

right left differentiation

88
Q

speech comprehension test

A

token

89
Q

reading comprehension test

A

token

90
Q

apraxia test

A

Kimura

91
Q

Somatosensory threshold test explained

A

Subject is blindfolded and has to report whether they felt one or two touches, Two points are initially set about 3 cm (1 inch) apart, and the distance is reduced until the subject detects only a single touch

92
Q

Tactile form recognition test explained

A

Subject is blindfolded and manipulates blocks of basic shapes to place them in a similarly shaped hole on a board,Shapes and board are removed, and subject is asked to draw the shapes from memory Shape manipulation likely involves areas PE and PF, and the drawing task likely involves area PG

93
Q

Contralateral neglect test explained

A

In one, subjects need to draw a vertical line in the middle of a horizontal line, dividing it in half, Some lines are on the left side of the page, and others are on the right, Subjects with contralateral neglect shift the horizontal line more to the right and skip the examples on the left side of the page

94
Q

Visual perception test explained

A

Patients have to draw the remainder of incomplete pictures of faces or objects

95
Q

Visual perception test sensitivity explained

A

Sensitive to damage to right temporoparietal junction

96
Q

Spatial relations test explained

A

Pictures of hands, feet, ears, and other body parts are presented in different orientations, and patients have to identify them as left or right,

97
Q

Verbal Spatial relations test explained

A

Verbal version asks patient to touch their right ear with the left hand

98
Q

Spatial relations test sensitive to

A

Sensitive to left-parietal-lobe damage and left-frontal-lobe damage

99
Q

Language test explained

A

Token Test has four shapes in each of five colors

100
Q

Language test impairment associated with

A

damage to area PG in the left hemisphere

101
Q

Apraxia test

A

No standardized tests of apraxia

102
Q

Kimura Box Test asks

A

subjects to make a sequence of precise movements

103
Q

Functional MRI studies suggest the parietal lobe is involved in

A

more behaviors than predicted from lesion studies

104
Q

Inferior parietal lobule is active in the

A

default mode network

105
Q

Temporoparietal junction involved in

A

in attention, language, memory, social processing, and self-perception

106
Q

Research suggests there may be five different

A

networks within the temporoparietal junction, with right side favoring attention and left side favoring memory and language

107
Q

Parietal memory network is involved in

A

learning and memory, and includes the precuneus, angular gyrus, and midcingulate cortex

108
Q

Dorsolateral parietal network connects

A

prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, and hippocampus regions to perform a variety of spatial functions

Psych 377 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions