Chapter 13-Population, Health & Environment Flashcards
Demography
Stats study of pop dynamics, discipline committed to studying patterns
Fertility
Number of children born in a given period of time
Crude birth rate
Number of live births per 1,000 people in the pop in a given year
Total fertility rate
Average number of children a women would have during her lifetime given current birth rates and assuming she survives through childbearing years
Replacement fertility rate
Minimum number of children a woman would need to average in her lifetime to reproduce the pop in the next generation
Crude death rate
Number of deaths per 1,000 people in a pop in a given year
Infant mortality rate
Number of deaths in infants less than one-year-old per 1,000 live births per year
Life expectancy
Projected number of years a person can expect to live based on their year of birth
Migration
Movement of people from one pop group to another
Immigration
Individuals join a pop group of which they were not previously a member
Emigration
Members of a pop leave that group
Growth rate
Combining data on births, death, and migration, overran percent change in that pop per year
Demographic transition
Model predicts that as societies transform from preindustrial to postindustrial, their pop size shift from small but stable with high birth and death rates through a period of significant pop growth, to large but stable when both birth and death rates are low
Health
State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity
Culture-bound syndrome
Disease/illness that cannot be understood apart from some specific social context
Sick role
Form of legitimate deviance in which someone who is ill assumes a corresponding set of rights and responsibilities
Medicalization
Process of redefining new areas of social life as the leg image domain of medical expensive and theorist use the phrase medicalization of society to refer to describe how the jurisdiction of medical professionals has expanded over time
Brain drain
Physicians and other skilled individuals who are needed in ethic home countries moving to live and work in the US and other industrialized countries
Social epidemiology
Study of the role social factors play in disease development and distribution throughout a pop
Prevalence
Two key measures used in social epidemiology, total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist t a given time
Incidence
Number of new cases of a specific disorder that occur within a given pop during a specified period of time
Morbidity rates
Disease incidence figures as presented as rates
Mortality rates
Incidence of death in a given pop
Curanderismo
Form of holistic health care and healing
