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Medical Terminology Advanced > Chapter 13: Blood System > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Blood System Flashcards

1
Q

What is blood made of?

A

blood cells, plasma, water, and proteins

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2
Q

basophils

A

contain heparin and histamine; stain blue

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3
Q

eosinophils

A

phagocytic cells involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections; stain red

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4
Q

neutrophils

A

phagocytic cells that accumulate at sites of infection

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5
Q

monocytes

A

phagocytic cells that become macrophages and digest bacteria and tissue debris

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6
Q

lymphocytes

A

control immune response and make antibodies to angigens

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7
Q

What do all blood cells come from?

A

a hematopoietic stem cell

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8
Q

What do erythrocytes come from?

A

erythroblasts

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9
Q

What do platelets come from?

A

mega-karyoblast

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10
Q

What do basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils come from?

A

myeloblasts

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11
Q

What do monocytes come from?

A

monoblast

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12
Q

What do lymphocytes come from?

A

lymphoblast

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13
Q

What is plasma made of?

A

proteins, water, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins

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14
Q

What are the 4 types of plasma proteins?

A

albumin, globulins, fibrinogens, and prothrombins

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15
Q

What does Type A blood type have?

A

A antigen, anti-B antibody

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16
Q

What does Type B blood have?

A

B antigen- anti-A antibody

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17
Q

What does Type AB blood have?

A

A and B antigens and no antibodies

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18
Q

What does Type O blood have?

A

no A or B antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

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19
Q

What are 2 anticoagulants?

A

heparin and warfarin (Coumadin)

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20
Q

How does blood clotting work?

A

platelets aggregate at site then clotting factors like prothrombin and thrombin change fibrinogen to fibrin clot

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21
Q

albumin

A

protein in the blood that maintains the proper amount of water in blood

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22
Q

antibody

A

a specific protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacterial viruses or other antigens

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23
Q

antigen

A

a substance that stimulates production of an antibody

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24
Q

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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25
erythropoietin (EPO)
hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation
26
fibrin
protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
27
fibrinogen
plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
28
globulin
plasma protein
29
hemoglobin
blood protein containing iron, carries oxygen in red blood cells
30
heparin
anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
31
immunoglobulin
protein with antibody activity
32
macrophage
monocyte that migrates from blood to tissue spaces; engulfs foreign material and debris; destroys worn out RBC's
33
megakaryocyte
large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow
34
monocyte
leukocyte with one large nucleus that engulfs foreign material and debris
35
myeloblast
immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes
36
plasmapheresis
removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
37
polymorphonuclear
pertaining to a white blood cell with multi-shaped nucleus
38
prothrombin
plasma protein that is converted to thrombin in the clotting process
39
reticulocyte
immature erythrocyte
40
Rh factor
antigen on red blood cells of Rh positive individuals
41
serum
plasma minus clotting proteins and cells
42
thrombin
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
43
bas/o
base
44
is/o
same, equal
45
kary/o
nucleus
46
phag/o
eat, swallow
47
poikil/o
varied, irregular
48
sider/o
iron
49
apheresis
removal, a carrying away
50
cytosis
abnormal condition of cells (increase in cells)
51
gen
giving rise to
52
lytic
pertaining to distruction
53
penia
deficiency
54
philia
attraction for (increase in cell numbers)
55
phoresis
carrying, transmission
56
poiesis
formation
57
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
58
hemolytic anemia
reduction in red cells due to excessive destriction
59
pernicious anemia
lack of mature red blood cells caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream
60
thalassemia
inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia
61
hemochromatosis
excess iron deposits throughout the body
62
polycythemia vera
general increase in red blood cells
63
hemophilia
excessive bleeding caused by lack of blood clotting factors
64
purpura
pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
65
acute myeloid leukemia
bone marrow is replaced by myeloblasts
66
acute lymphoid leukemia
most seen in children lots of lymphoblasts
67
chronic myeloid leukemia
mature and immature granulocytes are present in large numbers in the bone marrow and blood
68
chronic lymphoid leukemia
too many mature lymphocytes in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen usually in elderly
69
granulocytosis
increase in granulocytes in the blood
70
mononucleosis
infection disease with increased mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
71
multiple myeloma
malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
72
antiglobulin test (Coombs test)
test for antibodies that coat and damage red blood cells
73
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
speed at which red blood cells settle out of plasma
74
hematocrit
% of red blood cells in volume of blood
75
hemoglobin test
amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood
76
prothrombin time
test of the ability of blood to clot
77
apheresis
separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
78
ab
antibody
79
ABMT
autologous bone marrow transplantation
80
ABO
four main blood types
81
ALL
acute lymphoid leukemia
82
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
83
ANC
absolute neutrophil count
84
ASCT
autologous stem cell transplantation
85
bands
immature white blood cells
86
BMT
bone marrow transplant
87
CLL
chronic lymphoid leukemia
88
DIC
disseminated intravascular coagulation
89
EBV
epstein-barr virus causes mono
90
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
91
Fe
iron
92
G-CSF
granulocyte colony stimulation factor
93
GM-CSF
granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
94
GVHD
graft-versus-host-disease
95
HCL
hairy cell leukemia
96
HgB
hemoglobin
97
HLA
human leukocyte antigen
98
ITP
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
99
MCH
mean corpuscular hemoglobin
100
MCHC
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
101
MCV
mean corpuscular volume
102
MDS
myelodysplastic syndrome
103
PT
prothrombin time
104
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
105
sed rate
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
106
segs
segmented mature white blood cells
107
SMAC
sequential multiple analyzer computer
108
WNL
within normal limits

Medical Terminology Advanced (13 decks)

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