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Medical Terminology Advanced > Chapter 12: Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

8.)

A

laryngopharynx

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2
Q

4.)

A

naspopharynx

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3
Q

6.)

A

oropharynx

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4
Q

20.)

A

parietal pleua

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5
Q

21.)

A

visceral pleura

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6
Q

16.)

A

terminal bronchiole

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7
Q

18.)

A

capillary

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8
Q

apex of the lung

A

tip or uppermost portion

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9
Q

base of the lung

A

lower portion of the lung

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10
Q

expiration

A

breathing out

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11
Q

glottis

A

slit-like opening to the larynx

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12
Q

hilum of the lung

A

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

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13
Q

lobe

A

division of the lung

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14
Q

palatine tonsil

A

found in the oropharynx

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15
Q

pulmonary parenchyma

A

essential part of the lung, responsible for breathing; bronchioles and alveoli

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16
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

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17
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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18
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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19
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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20
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

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21
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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22
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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23
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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24
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

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25
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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26
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

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27
Q

tel/o

A

complete

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28
Q

ema

A

condition

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29
Q

osmia

A

smell

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30
Q

pnea

A

breathing

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31
Q

ptysis

A

spitting

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32
Q

sphyxia

A

pulse

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33
Q

thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

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34
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body

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35
Q

percussion

A

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

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36
Q

pleural rub

A

scratchy sound produced by the pleural surfaces rubbing against each other

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37
Q

rales

A

fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation where there is fluid in the alveoli

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38
Q

rhonchi

A

loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

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39
Q

stridor

A

strained, high pitched sound heard on breathing caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

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40
Q

croup

A

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx
also accompanied by barking cough and strider

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41
Q

diphtheria

A

acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by diphtheria bacterium

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42
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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43
Q

pertussis

A

whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of upper structures

44
Q

asthma

A

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production

45
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of a bronchus, usually secondary to an infection

46
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchi, can be caused by infection and cigarettes

47
Q

atelectasis

A

collapsed lung; alveoli are not expanding enough; causes accumulations of fluid, blood, or air in pleural cavity

48
Q

emphysema

A

hyperinflation of alveoli with destruction of alveolar walls

49
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

dust in the lungs which causes chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

50
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation and infection of alveoli which fill with pus

51
Q

pulmonary abscess

A

large collection of pus in the lungs

52
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

53
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung

54
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

55
Q

sarcoidosis

A

inflammatory disease in which small nodules develop in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs

56
Q

tuberculosis

A

infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

57
Q

mesothelioma

A

malignant tumor arising in the pleura

58
Q

pleural effusion

A

accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

59
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

60
Q

pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space

61
Q

anthracosis

A

coal dust accumulates in the lungs

62
Q

bacilli

A

rod-shaped bacteria

63
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs

64
Q

cor pulmonale

A

failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying disease

65
Q

exudates

A

fluid, cells, and other substances like pus that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation

66
Q

hydrothroax

A

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

67
Q

infiltrate

A

collection of fluid or other material within the lung as seen on imaging

68
Q

paroxysmal

A

pertaining to sudden occurrence, such as a spasm or seizure

69
Q

pulmonary infection

A

area of necrosis

70
Q

purulent

A

containing pus

71
Q

silicosis

A

disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs

72
Q

ventilation-perfusion scan

A

detection device records radioactivity in the lung after IV injection of a radioisotope and inhalation of a small amount of xenon gas

73
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

74
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacillus

75
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

76
Q

BAL

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

77
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

78
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure

79
Q

C&S

A

culture sensitivity testing

80
Q

CTPA

A

computer tomography pulmonary angiography

81
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

82
Q

DLCO

A

diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide

83
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

84
Q

FEV1

A

forced expiratory volume in 1 second

85
Q

FVC

A

forced vital capacity

86
Q

MAC

A

mycobacterium avium complex

87
Q

MDI

A

metered-dose-inhaler

88
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

89
Q

PaCO2

A

carbon dioxide partial pressure

90
Q

PaO2

A

oxygen partial pressure

91
Q

PCP

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

92
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolus

93
Q

PEP

A

positive expiratory pressure

94
Q

PEEP

A

positive-end-expiratory pressure

95
Q

PFTs

A

pulmonary function tests

96
Q

PND

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

97
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative

98
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

99
Q

RSV

A

respiratory syncytial virus

100
Q

RV

A

residual volume

101
Q

SABA

A

short acting beta agonist

102
Q

SCLC

A

small cell lung cancer

103
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

104
Q

VlittleT

A

tidal volume

105
Q

VATS

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery

106
Q

VC

A

vital capacity

107
Q

V/Q scan

A

ventilation-perfusion-scan

Medical Terminology Advanced (13 decks)

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