Chapter 1.3

Question 1

The three main steps in a mole calculation

Answer 1

1. Find the number of moles of everything possible
2. Use the chemical equation to work out the number of moles of the quantity required
3. Convert moles to the required quantity

Question 2

Formula for solving moles questions involving masses

Answer 2

m1/n1M1 = m2/n2M2

m1 = mass of first substance
n1 = coefficient of fist substance
M1 = molar mass of first substance

Question 3

Yield

Answer 3

The amount of desired product

Question 4

Formula to calculate percentage yield

Answer 4

% yield = actual yield divided by theoretical yield

Question 5

Ideal gas

Answer 5

A concept invented by scientists to approximate the behavior of real gases

Question 6

Two assumptions made when defining the ideal gas

Answer 6

The molecules themselves have no volume
No forces exist between the molecules

Question 7

When do gases deviate most from ideal behavior?

Answer 7

When there is high pressure and low temperature

Question 8

True or false? Volume of gas is proportional to the number of moles of the gas

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Avogadro’s Law

Answer 9

Equal volumes of ideal gases measured at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules

Question 10

STP meaning and values

Answer 10

Standard temperature and pressure, 273K, 100kPa

Question 11

Molar volume

Answer 11

The volume occupied by one mole of a gas under certain conditions

Question 12

Molar volume of an ideal gas at STP

Answer 12

22.7 dm^3 per mol or 2.27*10^(-2) m^3 per mol

Question 13

What is a change of 1 degree Celsius equal to in kelvin?

Answer 13

1K

Question 14

What is the equivalent of 0 degrees Celsius in kelvin?

Answer 14

273K

Question 15

Formula for solving moles questions involving volumes of gases

Answer 15

m1/n1M1 = V2/n2Mv

m1 = mass of first substance
n1 = coefficient of first substance
M1 = molar mass of first substance
V2 = volume of second substance
Mv = molar volume of a gas

Question 16

Alternative formula for solving moles questions involving volumes of gases if a volume is given and a volume is required

Answer 16

V1/n1 = V2/n2

V1 = volume of first substance
n1 = coefficient of first substance

Question 17

Boyle’s Law

Answer 17

At a constant temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

Question 18

Charles’ Law

Answer 18

The volume of a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to its kelvin temperature

Question 19

Relationship between pressure and temperature

Answer 19

For a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant volume, the pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Question 20

Overall gas law equation

Answer 20

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Question 21

Ideal gas equation

Answer 21

PV = nRT

Question 22

The set of units needed for the ideal gas equation

Answer 22

R = 8.31 J per kelvin per mol
Pressure = N per m^2 or Pa
Volume = m^3
Temperature = K

Question 23

Solute

Answer 23

A substance that is dissolved in another substance

Question 24

Solvent

Answer 24

A substance that dissolves another substance

Question 25

Solution

Answer 25

The substance that is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

Question 26

Concentration

Answer 26

The amount of solute dissolved in a unit volume of solution

Question 27

Relationship between concentration, number of moles and volume of solution

Answer 27

Concentration = number of moles divided by volume

Question 28

Relationship between concentration, mass and volume

Answer 28

Concentration = mass over volume

Question 29

Titration

Answer 29

A technique for finding the volumes of solutions that react exactly with each other

Question 30

Equation for solving moles questions involving solutions

Answer 30

c1v1/n1 = c2v2/n2

c1 = concentration of first substance
v1 = volume of first substance
n1 = coefficient of first substance