Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is evolution?

A

Change over time of a population’s characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is biogeography?

A

The study of the distribution of species across the world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are fossils?

A

Remains and impressions of organisms that lived in the past.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can fossils be ordered?

A

They can be ordered chronologically through their position in rock stratigraphy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Cuvier’s Theory of Catastrophism?

A

Some species go extinct after catastrophes while others grow to noticeable numbers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Lamarck?

A

The inheritance of acquired characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When was Charles Darwin alive?

A

From 1809 to 1882

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long did Darwin study medicine?

A

Two years, in Edinburg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When did Darwin travel on the H.M.S. Beagle?

A

From 1831 to 1836.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many postulates are there in the evolution of species?

A

There are four postulates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the first postulate?

A

The individual members of a population are different from each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the second postulate?

A

Some of the differences in individuals of a population are due to characteristics that may be passed on to offspring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the third postulate?

A

In a population, some members survive and reproduce successfully. Others do not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the fourth postulate?

A

Natural selection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is natural selection?

A

The members of a population with advantageous traits survive and reproduce the most.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who aided Darwin in the developing of his ideas?

A

Alfred Wallace.

17
Q

How long did Alfred Wallace live?

A

From 1823 to 1913.

18
Q

Genetic diversity in a population comes from two main sources:

A

Mutation and sexual reproduction.

19
Q

What is mutation?

A

A change in DNA. The ultimate source of new alleles.

20
Q

How does sexual reproduction lead to genetic diversity?

A

Sexual reproduction produces genetically diverse offspring.

21
Q

What is modern synthesis?

A

Integration of genetics with the theory of evolution.

22
Q

What is micro-evolution?

A

Changes of frequencies of alleles in a population over time.

23
Q

What is macro-evolution?

A

The birth of a new species.

24
Q

What is the Hardy Weinburg rule?

A

It says that evolution will not occur if there are no evolutionary forces at play.

25
Q

What does heritability tell us?

A

It tells us how much phenotypic variation is due to genetic traits. As opposed to acquired traits.

26
Q

What is genetic drift?

A

Changes in allele frequencies due to chance.

27
Q

What is population bottleneck?

A

A population is drastically reduces due to a natural disaster.

28
Q

What is the founder effect?

A

When an isolated colony is formed by part of the population.

29
Q

What is gene flow?

A

The transfer of genetic material from one population to another.

30
Q

What are some types of natural selection?

A

Stabilizing selection, directional selection, and frequency-dependent selection.

biology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions