chapter 1 Flashcards
movement towards stimulus is ______?
Positive
Movement away from stimulus is _____?
Negative
What are the properties of life?
Reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.
What is regulation?
Coordination of internal functions, response to stimuli, and coping with stress.
What is homeostasis?
An organism’s ability to maintain a constant internal environment. This includes temperature, PH., and concentration of diverse chemicals.
What does biodiversity refer to?
The variety of life, in the living organisms, genetic differences, and communities.
How many kingdoms are the 1.9 million species divided into?
They are divided into 6 kingdoms.
What is phylogeny?
The study of an organism’s relation to others.
What are phylogenetic trees?
Diagrams that display the phylogeny of organisms, including their ancestry.
What is taxonomy?
The science of classifying organisms to create internationally shared classification systems.
Are the classes created by taxonomy shared internationally?
yes.
what are the classes of organisms in taxonomy?
species, genus, family, class, order, phylum, kingdom, and domain, respectively.
what do scientists refer to organisms by?
genus and species-binomial nomenclature.
what is the name of each level in taxonomy?
taxon.
tell us about genus and species in taxonomy.
genus starts with an uppercase letter and lowercase. Species starts with lowercase and and underlined or italicized.
what are the branches of biology?
molecular/biochemistry, microbiology, neurobiology, and paleontology.
what does molecular biology study?
Biological processes at molecular and chemical level.
what is microbiology?
the study of structure and function of single-celled organisms.
what is neuroscience!
the study of the nervous system!!!!!!!!!!
what is paleontology?
the use of fossils to study life’s history.
What is inductive reasoning?
A form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion.
What is deductive reasoning?
A form of logical thinking that uses general principles or laws to predict results.
What are the key steps of descriptive science?
Observe, explore, discover.
What is hypothesis-based science?
A type of science that has specific questions and potential answers.
what are the steps of testing a hypothesis?
observation, question, hypothesis formation, prediction, experimentation, analyzation of results, reporting of results. Respectively.
Basic science?
seeks to expand knowledge
regardless of short-term application of that
knowledge
applied science?
aims to use science to solve real world problems. eg. cancer.
