Chapter 12 Tree assessment and risk management Flashcards
List 3 components of risk Assessment
Potential for failure
Environment that may contribute to failure
Potential target
By definition, if there is no _______ a tree cannot pose a risk.
Target
When performing a tree assessment it is important to develop and stick to a _____ process.
Systemic
For structural strength, branches should be _________ in diameter than their parent limbs or trunk
Smaller
________ _______ fungi primarily decay the lignin within and between cell walls in the wood.
White rot
Codominant stems often have ________ ________ within the branch union, making them structurally less stable.
Included bark
Trees that have grown in dense shade such as a forest tend to have long, straight stems with little ______
Taper
Trees often produce ______ _____, providing more stability to compensate for lean.
Reaction wood
Brown rot fungi primarily decay the ________, leaving behind stiff lignin and thereby reducing the bending strength of the tree.
Cellulose
Decay located in the lower trunk and or base of the tree is referred to as ________ _____
Basal rot
In recent years, a number of more advanced __________ _________ __________ have been developed to help arborists determine the presence and extent of decay inside trees
Decay detection devices
A tree may appear to be solid and structurally sound, and may have a thick, green canopy, yet can have significant decay inside .
True
List 5 indicators of decay in a tree.
Open wound or cavities Fruiting bodies; mushrooms, conks Cracked or loosened bark Certain insects Birds, bees, other animals
If decay is suspected at the root flare or in the major support roots, a root collar _______ may be necessary to ascertain the extent.
Excavation
Sometimes there are management options short of tree removal to abate the risk of failure. ________ is the general term given to the process of reducing the risk potential.
Mitigation
