Chapter 12 test Flashcards
What does renaissance mean?
Rebirth
Jacob Burckhardt
Created the concept of the renaissance
Wrote the book “the civilization of the renaissance”
Where is the birthplace of the modern world?
Italy
The age of recovery
14th century
rediscovering culture
preserved latin culture
emphasis` on individual ability- well rounded person
Hanseatic league
Commercial/military association for trade
in about 80 cities
monopoly in trade
New/improved industries
Florentine wool
new machines for digging mines/ separating metals
printing press
metal work
Medici family
Ran the banks
Had much papal influence
ran real estate, trade, and textiles
fell because of bad leaders/bad loans
The nobility of the renaissance
Made up 2-3% of population
works of art were supported by the nobles
The book of the courter
Written by Baldassare Castiglione- what makes the perfect courter 1 good character 2 Must be fit 3 be educated 4 good impression, but modest 5 serve the prince in the best way
5 major states
Florence- republic Papal states-pope Naples-monarchy Milan- Venice
Federigo da Montefeltro
ruled Urbino
was a condottiere
ruled well, fair, and kind
Isabella d’Este
Ruled while husband was away
Well educated
Known for ruling very well
War in Italy
All states agreed to balance power- peace of Lodi- did not provide a common foreign policy
France and Spain fought over control over Italy
The Sack of Rome by spain in 1527 ended the war (Temporary)
Where do we get our modern ambassador
Came from the Italian renaissance
The prince
Written by Niccolo Machiavelli
Stated how a prince should rule
behave on Christian principles
realize that people have a selfish nature
What are the 2 characteristics of the Italian renaissance
Individualism and secularism
Petrarch
Father of the renaissance
Civic humanism
spirit and pride
Lenardo Bruni
Wrote the new cicero
Lorenzo Valla
Wrote the elegance of Latin Language
Ficino
Translated the Corpus Hermeticum into Latin
believed that humans were divine and chose to be on earth
Pico
Wrote the Oration on the Dignity of men - unlimited human potential
how they wrote history during the renaissance
De-emphasized the power of God
Guicciardini- wrote the history of Italy/Florence
Johannes Gutenburg
Created the movable type printing press
new ideas spread more quickly
Masaccio
Imitated nature- created the first masterpiece of the renaissance
Sandro Botticelli
Painted the Primavera (springs) garden of eturnal springs
Flippo Brunelleschi
Created the dome on the duomo cathedral
Created the San Lorenzo collumns
Leonardo
Painted the last supper
Raphael
Painted the school of Athens
Donato di Donatello
Created a statue of David
Michelangelo
Painted the sistine chapel, and a statue of David
Donato Bramate
Created the Basilica of Saint peter
Jan Can Eyck
the first to use oil paint- painted Giovanni arnolfini and his bride
Albrecht Durer
Mastered the laws of perspective
adoration of the magi
Guillaume Dufay
Replaced Gregorian chants with secular music
great composer
The growth of the french monarchy
Louis XI - laid the foundation for the french monarchy
War in England
War of roses Lancaster (red) V. York (white)
Lancaster won
Created the tudor dynasty
Henry VII ended the private wars. Created a strong monarchy
Unification of Spain
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
The pope allowed them to get all spanish catholics as all important roles in the church.
Got a pro army
Habsburgs
Wealthiest landlords ruled the HRE
Russia
Ivan III -created a new russian state-moscow
threw out the mongols
Ottoman Turks
Took over the Byzantine empire under the rule of Mehmet II
John Wyclif
said there was no basis in the Bible for papal claims
tried to get the Bible in vernacular
John Hus
Wanted the elimination of worldness/corruption of the clergy
condemned as a heretic and burned at the stake
Nepotism
Putting family in important positions
Pope Julius II
Example of a really corrupt pope
Warrior pope led battles
Pope Alexander VI
Gave cardinal positions to his son, and nephew
