Chapter 12 Shock Flashcards

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1
Q

Afterload

A

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps

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2
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Severe attack caused by an allergic reaction

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3
Q

Aneurysm

A

Hey swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall

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4
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food

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5
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A

Compression of the heart as the result of build up of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output

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6
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

A state in which is not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions

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7
Q

Compensated shock

A

The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss

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8
Q

Cyanosis

A

A blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

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9
Q

Decompensated shock

A

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling

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10
Q

Dehydration

A

Loss of water from the tissues of the body

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11
Q

Distributive shock

A

A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small artery arterioles, small venules, or both

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12
Q

Edema

A

The process of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in the body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area

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13
Q

Homeostasis

A

A balance of all systems of the body

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14
Q

Hypothermia

A

A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F

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15
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

Shock caused by fluid or blood loss

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16
Q

Myocardial contractility

A

The ability of the heart muscle to contract

17
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries

18
Q

Obstructive shock

A

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or a great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues

19
Q

Perfusion

A

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels

20
Q

Pericardial effusion

A

A collection of fluid between the pericardial sac in the myocardium

21
Q

Preload

A

The pre-contraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

22
Q

Psychogenic shock

A

Shock caused by a sudden temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)

23
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the ling, causing obstruction of blood flow

24
Q

Pulse pressure

A

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

25
Q

Sensitization

A

Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction

26
Q

Septic shock

A

Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection

27
Q

Shock

A

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypo perfusion

28
Q

Sphincters

A

Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting constrict a duct, tube, or opening

29
Q

Syncope

A

A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness