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Geography > Chapter 12: Settlement And Urbanisation > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Settlement And Urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

Settlement

A

Refers to where people live

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2
Q

Altitude in a settlement

A

Most settlements are on low-lying land under 200m

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3
Q

Aspect in a settlement

A

Aspect refers to the direction in which a place is facing.

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4
Q

Drainage

A

Settlements often occur near rivers

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5
Q

Slope

A

Low-lying flat land in river valleys usually has very fertile soil, which attracts settlement

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6
Q

Shelter

A

Many settlements on the coast are usually sheltered in areas such as harbours. Valleys often provide excellent shelter.

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7
Q

Site of settlement

A 
Altitude
Aspect
Drainage
Slope
Shelter
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8
Q

Situation of settlement

A 
Nodal Point
Bridging point on a river
Coastal
Relief
Defence
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9
Q

Nodal point

A

Where different routes meet. These routes can be road networks, rail lines, rivers or canals.

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10
Q

Bridging point on a river

A

Where is it easiest to cross a river

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11
Q

Coastal

A

Trade and fishing attract people to coastal locations

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12
Q

Relief

A

Relief describes the height, the aspect and the slope of an area.

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13
Q

Defence

A

Defence refers to ways in which people protect themselves from attacks.
People settled near castles long ago for protection

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14
Q

Types of settlement

A 
Pre-Christian
Celtic
Early Christian
Viking
Norman
Plantation
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15
Q

Pre-Christian

A

Megalithic Tombs
Portal Dolmens
Cairn
Midden

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16
Q

Celtic

A 
Crannóg
Forts-ring, hill and promontory
Fulacht fia
Standing stone
Souterrain
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17
Q

Early Christian

A 
Holy Well
Monastery
Round Tower
High Cross
Church
18
Q

Vikings

A

Place names that include ‘ford’

19
Q

Normans

A

Castle
Motte and Bailey
Moated Site
Town Walls

20
Q

Plantation

A

Fortified House
Demesne
Bawns

21
Q

Rural settlement: linear

A

This is when settlement is in a line along a road. It is also called ribbon settlement.

22
Q

Rural settlement: Nucleated

A

This is when settlements are grouped together.

23
Q

Rural settlement: Dispersed

A

This is when settlements are spread out and randomly scattered

24
Q

Urban sprawl

A

Is the rapid spread pf housing from the cites into the countryside. Essientally meaning the city is absorbing the rural area.

25
Q

Commuter towns, satellites or domitory towns

A

Towns around a major city, but the town is not apart of the city

26
Q

Urban decay

A

Parts of a city that have been abandoned and have fallen into disrepair.

27
Q

Solutions to traffic congestion

A 
Buses and QBCs (Quality Bus Corridors)
Light rail system
Tram system
Cycle lanes
Road improvements
28
Q

Solutions to urban sprawl

A

Develop new towns

29
Q

Soultions to urban decay

A

Urban renewal

Urban redevelopment

30
Q

Urban renewal

A

Is the improvement of old inner-city area.

31
Q

Urban redevelopment

A

When unused buildings are knocked down. New buildings are replaced. The people who previously live there are relocated to the suberbs.

32
Q

Functional zones in cities

A
  1. A Central Business District (CBD)
  2. Some smaller shopping areas
  3. A number of shopping centres
  4. Industrial areas
  5. Open space for recreation and leisure
33
Q

The central business district

A

This is where big banks and departments stores are located. Multi-storey buildings

34
Q

Shopping areas

A

Around the outskirts of a city is usually small village centres where people can do their day-to-day shopping.

35
Q

Shopping centres

A

These are large shopping centres in the suburbs of Irish cities.

36
Q

Industrial areas

A

Usually situated on the outskirts of a city.

Since the Industrial Revolution, cities have been at the centre of industry.

37
Q

Space for recreation and leisure

A

Cities need space for children to play and for people to relax and enjoy the outdoors. Such as parks.

38
Q

Terraced housing

A

The houses usually have no front garden and the front door opens on to the street. Close to the city centre

39
Q

Semi-detached houses

A

They are built as pairs of houses with a shared wall. They typically have gardens or a driveway, around them

40
Q

Detached houses

A

They are free-standing buildings on their own site. Because pf low-density housing.

41
Q

Primate city

A

The city that is at least twice as big as the second biggest city in the same country.

Geography (21 decks)

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