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EMS > chapter 12 - pharmacology > Flashcards

chapter 12 - pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

The process by which a medication works in the body

A

pharmacodynamics

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2
Q

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer this medication

A

nitroglycerin

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3
Q

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris

A

intranasal

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4
Q

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route

A

topical medications

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5
Q

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors

A

agonist

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6
Q

The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body

A

elimination

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7
Q

Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm

A

medication error

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8
Q

The use of multiple medications on a regular basis

A

polypharmacy

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9
Q

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient

A

EMT-administered medication

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10
Q

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route

A

per rectum

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11
Q

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs

A

metered-dose inhaler

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12
Q

The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated

A

pharmacokinetics

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13
Q

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order

A

prescription medications

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14
Q

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream

A

absorption

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15
Q

When the EMT administers medication to himself or herself or to a partner

A

peer-assisted medication

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16
Q

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications

A

antagonist

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17
Q

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into the nostril

A

mucosal atomizer device

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18
Q

By mouth; a medication delivery route

A

oral

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19
Q

An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route

A

intraosseous injection

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20
Q

A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot

A

anticoagulant

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21
Q

The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects

A

onset of action

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22
Q

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription

A

over-the-counter medication

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23
Q

Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route

A

subcutaneous injection

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24
Q

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication

A

patient-assisted medication

25
Q

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without it

A

oxygen

26
Q

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route

A

inhalation

27
Q

Medications that treat or reduce a fever

A

antipyretics

28
Q

The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved

A

peak

29
Q

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral

A

per os

30
Q

Any unwanted clinical results of a medication

A

adverse effects

31
Q

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree

A

epinephrine

32
Q

A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together

A

antiplatelet

33
Q

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized

A

trade name

34
Q

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand

A

solution

35
Q

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body

A

action

36
Q

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve

A

suspension

37
Q

An injection into the muscle; a medication delivery route

A

intramuscular injection

38
Q

Actions that can be harmful to the patient

A

untoward effects

39
Q

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

A

aspirin

40
Q

The therapeutic uses for a special medication

A

indications

41
Q

An abnormally low blood glucose level

A

hypoglycemia

42
Q

A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium

A

antibiotic

43
Q

A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus

A

antifungal

44
Q

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes

A

gel

45
Q

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system

A

enteral medications

46
Q

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient

A

contraindications

47
Q

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route

A

sublingual

48
Q

The original chemical name of a medication; the name is not capitalized

A

generic name

49
Q

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

A

medication

50
Q

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age

A

dose

51
Q

The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body

A

therapeutic effect

52
Q

The study of the properties and effects of medications

A

pharmacology

53
Q

Through the skin; a medication delivery route

A

transcutaneous

54
Q

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes

A

parenteral medications

55
Q

The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last

A

duration

56
Q

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route

A

intravenous injection

57
Q

A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit

A

oral glucose

58
Q

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient

A

unintended effects

EMS (23 decks)

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