Chapter 12 Highlights Flashcards
Function of Cerebrum
- Higher mental functions
- Interprets sensory stimuli
- Plans and initiates movement
Function of Diencephalon
- Processes, integrates, and relays info
- Maintains homeostasis
- Regulates biological rhythms
Function of Cerebellum
Monitors and coordinates movement
Function of Brainstem
- Maintains homeostasis
- Controls certain reflexes
- Monitors movement
- Integrates and relays info
Structures to know
- Precentral gyrus
- Central sulcus
- Postcentral gyrus
- Primary motor cortex
- Primary somatosensory cortex
- Limbic Lobe
- Hippocampus
- Amygdala
- Corpus callosum
- Fornix
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Pineal gland
- Fourth ventricle
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
Function of Limbic Lobe
Memory formation and retrieval, emotion, and learning
Function of Hippocampus
Nucleus involved in learning and memory
Function of Amygdala
Nucleus involved in behavioral expression of emotion, particularly fear
Mesencephalon
- Tectum contains the corpora quadrigemina
- Superior and inferior colliculi
Nuclei of the mesencephalon
- Red nucleus
- Substantia nigra
- Cerebral peduncles
- RAS headquarters
Red nucleus
- Pair of red nuclei due to blood vessels
- Maintain muscle tone and posture
- Uses info from cerebrum and cerebellum
Substantia nigra
Dark pigmented nuclei release dopamine to inhibit motor impulses from basal nuclei
Cerebral peduncles
Nerve fiber bundles of ventral surface contains descending motor fibers
RAS headquarters
- Network of nuclei throughout brainstem
- Screens sensory input, controls alertness and sleep
Parts of the brainstem
- Diencephalon
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
Parts of Midbrainn
- Superior colliculus
- Inferior colliculus
- Substantia nigra
- Red nucleus
Parts of pons
Cerebellar peduncles
Ventricles of the brain
- Lateral ventricles
- Third ventricle
- Fourth ventricle
Lateral ventricles
- One in each cerebral hemisphere
- Drains CSF into the interventricular foramen to the third ventricle
Third ventricle
- Between the two halves of the thalamus and hypothalamus
- Drains CSF into the cerebral aqueduct into the 4th ventricle
Fourth ventricle
- Central to cerebellum
- Drains CSF to the subarachnoid space and central canal of spinal cord
Dorsal root
Sensory
Ventral root
Motor
White vs gray matter in the brain
Gray matter is on the outside and white matter is on the inside
White vs gray matter in the spinal cord
Gray matter is on the inside and white matter is on the outside
Theta waves
Only seen in children
