Chapter 12: Comfort and Pain Management

Question 1

Occurs from an abnormal processing of sensory stimuli by the central or peripheral nervous system

Answer 1

Neuropathic pain

Question 2

Arises from mechanical, thermal, or chemical noxious stimuli; can be somatic or visceral

Answer 2

Nociceptive pain

Question 3

Chronic pain that has been present for 3 months or longer

Answer 3

Persistent pain

Question 4

Pain is referred to as the __ __ __ because it is such an important indicator of an individual’s health status

Answer 4

fifth vital sign

Question 5

__ is the greatest threat to comfort

Answer 5

Pain

Question 6

One in __ adults reports suffering a daylong bout of pain in the past month.

Answer 6

four

Question 7

__ of adults 65 years and older said they had experienced pain that lasted for 1 year or more.

Answer 7

Three fifths

Question 8

__ __ pain is among the most common complaints, along with migraine or severe headache and joint pain, aching, or stiffness.

Answer 8

Low back

Question 9

Reports of severe joint pain increased with age, and __ reported severely painful joints more often than did the other gender.

Answer 9

women

Question 10

The __ is the joint that causes the most pain according to the report. (Interestingly, this structure replacement surgeries have risen dramatically for people over age 65 years.)

Answer 10

knee

Question 11

___ pain: characteristic of pain in the bone and soft tissue masses.

Answer 11

Somatic

Question 12

__ pain: associated with disorders that can cause generalized or referred pain. The pain is described as deep and aching.

Answer 12

Visceral

Question 13

The complex phenomenon of pain is a stressor to what 3 things?

Answer 13

physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being.

Question 14

The impact of aging on pain perception and tolerance is not fully understood; therefore, the nurse must try to assess and understand each patient’s ____

Answer 14

unique pain experience.

Question 15

The nurse should keep in mind that although some cognitively normal or impaired clients might cry or moan, that is not a reliable indication of pain. The __ pain questionnaire is effective for use with persons who are cognitively normal or impaired.

Answer 15

McGill

Question 16

In addition to medical problems, poor positioning or posture, inactivity, emotional issues, and adverse drug reactions could be at the root of new or worsened pain. ___ these underlying factors is the first step in pain management.

Answer 16

Improving

Question 17

Branch of herbal medicine that uses scents from the essential oils of plants to create physiological and emotional effects

Answer 17

Aromatherapy

Question 18

Process of teaching people to bring specific bodily functions under voluntary control

Answer 18

Biofeedback

Question 19

Suggesting images that can create specific reactions in the body

Answer 19

Guided imagery

Question 20

Use of plants for therapeutic benefit

Answer 20

Herbal medicine

Question 21

Use of proper nutrition, pure water, fresh air, exercise, rest, and other natural means

Answer 21

Naturopathy

Question 22

Branch of physical medicine that uses physical therapy, joint manipulation, and postural correction

Answer 22

Osteopathy

Question 23

Use of specific nutritional product

Answer 23

Supplements

Question 24

Use of dilute forms of biological material (plant, animal, or mineral) that produce symptoms similar to that caused by the disease or condition

Answer 24

Homeopathic remedies

Question 25

___ acid is a primary precursor in the synthesis of omega-6 to proinflammatory eicosanoids.

Answer 25

Arachidonic

Question 26

T/F: Diet can influence inflammation and its pain

Answer 26

True

Question 27

A deficiency of _-complex vitamins can contribute to pain caused by damaged or misfiring nerves.

Answer 27

B

Question 28

Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids can reduce ___

Answer 28

inflammation

Question 29

The risk of adverse effects of medications is higher in ___ than in ___ age groups

Answer 29

older | younger

Question 30

___ is the most commonly used drug for mild to moderate pain relief in older people

Answer 30

Acetaminophen

Question 31

___ is contraindicated for older persons because of its high risk of causing delirium, seizures, and cardiac and CNS toxicity.

Answer 31

Pentazocine

Question 32

___ dosing or the use of sustained-release drugs is useful in the management of continuous pain.

Answer 32

Around-the-clock

Question 33

Quality time with patients that fosters comforting is reflected by what 5 things: (GLETP)

Answer 33

- giving the patient your undivided attention - listening actively - explaining - touching - perceiving

Question 34

The prevalence of chronic conditions increases with age, and many of these conditions have ___ associated with them.

Answer 34

pain

Question 35

T/F: The relationship between aging and pain perception is fully understood

Answer 35

Fasle. Not fully understood.

Question 36

The two types of pain:

Answer 36

nociceptive | neuropathic

Question 37

Most common med used with older adults

Answer 37

acetaminophen

Question 38

Example of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug:

Answer 38

Ibuprofen

Question 39

2 examples of opioids:

Answer 39

fentanyl patches | morphine

Question 40

Fentanyl patches are not used for patients with:

Answer 40

Suppression of immune system or decreased level of consciousness

Question 41

Is in a group of drugs called narcotic pain relievers. Used to relieve moderate to severe pain.

Answer 41

Propoxyphene

Question 42

(OPIOID) (Talwin) is a painkiller used to treat moderate to severe pain

Answer 42

Pentazocine

Question 43

Don't give propoxyphene or pentazocine to older adults because:

Answer 43

they have lots of side effects w the older adult population.

Question 44

``` Which medications, commonly used for pain, is contraindicated in the older adult related to potential side effects? Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Oxycodone (Percocet) Fentanyl (Duragesic) Propoxyphene (Darvocet) ```

Answer 44

Propoxyphene

Question 45

___ has the potential for central nervous system and cardiac toxicity

Answer 45

Propoxyphene (Darvocet)