Chapter 12

Question 1

nucleic acid sequence info used to classify bacteria

Answer 1

classification

Question 2

to further characterize bacterial species

Answer 2

genotyping

Question 3

controls for amplification

Answer 3

homologous extrinsic

Question 4

controls for extraction and amplification

Answer 4

heterologous extrinsic

Question 5

human gene control

Answer 5

heterologous intrinsic

Question 6

-static

Answer 6

inhibit growth

Question 7

-cidal

Answer 7

kill organisms

Question 8

what is now considered the gold standard when phenotype assays are being developed

Answer 8

molecular methods

Question 9

rapidly spreading outbreak of infectious disease

Answer 9

epidemic

Question 10

a disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas

Answer 10

pandemic

Question 11

collection and Analysis of environmental, microbiology, and clinical data

Answer 11

epidemiology

Question 12

measures biological characteristics of organisms

Answer 12

phenotypic analysis

Question 13

a genotypic analysis targeting genomic or plasmid DNA

Answer 13

molecular epidemiology

Question 14

PCR amplification priming outward from repetitive element generate what products

Answer 14

strain specific products

Question 15

viruses of detection include antibody detection, antigen detection, or culture

Answer 15

classical methods

Question 16

viruses of detection include Target, probe, and Signal amplification

Answer 16

molecular methods

Question 17

number of viruses per milliliter of fluid

Answer 17

viral load

Question 18

lowest level detected at least 95% of the time

Answer 18

sensitivity

Question 19

ability to determine True Value

Answer 19

accuracy

Question 20

reproductibiliy of independently determine test results

Answer 20

precision

Question 21

negative samples are always negative and positive results are true positives

Answer 21

specificity

Question 22

a Serial dilution of standard curve closely approximates a straight line

Answer 22

linearity

Question 23

accuracy of measurement of virus regardless of sequence variations

Answer 23

flexibility

Question 24

what genes mutate to overcome antiviral agents

Answer 24

viral genes

Question 25

what mutations are detected by sequencing

Answer 25

gene mutations

Question 26

what mutations affect drug sensitivity but may slow viral growth

Answer 26

primary resistance mutations

Question 27

what mutations compensate for the primary resistance growth defects

Answer 27

secondary resistance mutations

Question 28

what is used to type molds

Answer 28

its sequencing. Molds are typed by PCR and sequencing of its regions 428 s rrna

Question 29

a molecular based typing method that has high typing capacity, reproduct ability and discriminatory power, moderate ease of performance, and good to moderate ease of interpretation

Answer 29

pfge

Question 30

a positive result for HPV type 16 indicates

Answer 30

high risk for cervical cancer

Question 31

a patient has antibodies against each CV and a high viral load. What should be performed next

Answer 31

inno LIPA hcv genotyping

Question 32

What gene would be analyzed to determine whether an isolette of staphylococcus aureus is resistant to oxacillin

Answer 32

MEC a

Question 33

what is a genotypic method used to compare two isolates and an epidemiological investigation

Answer 33

ribotyping