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ABD class 2 > chapter 12 > Flashcards

chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas may be chronic or acute

A

Pancreatitis

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2
Q

Sudden onset of moderate to severe abdominal pain with radiation to back
Nausea and vomiting
History of gallstones (localized) or alcoholism
Mild fever
Increased pancreatic enzymes in blood (amylase, lipase)
Leukocytosis (increased white blood cells)
Abdominal distention

A

Acute pancreatitis clinical findings

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3
Q

Ranges from normal size to focal/diffuse enlargement
Hypoechoic texture (edema)
Borders distinct but irregular
Enlargement of head causes depression on inferior vena cava
40% to 60% have gallstones
Pancreatic duct may be enlarged
Parapancreatic fluid collections

A

Acute pancreatitis sonographic findings

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4
Q

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis
Pancreatic neoplasm
Lymphoma
Retroperitoneal neoplasm

A

Acute pancreatitis differential considerations

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5
Q

Decreased Hematocrit and serum calcium level
Intense, severe pain radiating to back, with subsequent shock and ileus
Hypotension despite volume replacement, with metabolic acidiosis and adult respiratory distress syndrome

A

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis Clinical findings

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6
Q

Depends on age of hemorrhage

Well defined homogeneous mass in area of pancreas

A

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis Sonographic findings

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7
Q

Chronic hemorrhage

A

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis differential considerations

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8
Q

See Acute pancreatitis

A

Phlegmonous pancreatitis clinical findings

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9
Q

Hypoechoic, ill defined mass

A

Phlegmonous pancreatitis sonographic findings

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10
Q

Chronic Hemorrhage

A

Phlegmonous pnacreatitis differential considerations

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11
Q

Fever, chills
Increased leukocytosis
Hypotension
Tender abdomen

A

Pancreatic abscess clinical findings

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12
Q

Hypoechoic mass with smooth borders
Thick walls
Echo-free to echogenic

A

Pancreatic abscess sonographic findings

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13
Q

Acute pancreatitis

chronic pancreatitis

A

Pancreatic abscess differential considerations

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14
Q 
Seer abdominal pain radiating to back 
Malabsorption 
Fatt y stools 
Signs of diabetes 
Weight loss Jaundice 
Incrseaed amylase and lipase
A

Chronic pancreatitis clinical findings

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15
Q 
Gland is small and fibrotic
Irregular borders 
Mixed echogenicity 
Dilated pancreatic duct (string of pearls sign with dilated duct)
Look for calculi within duct
A

Chronic pancreatitis sonographic findings

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16
Q

Acute pancreatits
Thrombosis of portal system
Pancreatic pseudocyst
Dilated common bile duct

A

Chronic pancreatitis differential considerations

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17
Q

Asymptomatic unless large enough to put pressure on other organs
Increased amylase and lipase
Increased Alkine Phos if obstruction develops

A

Pancreatic Pseudocyst clinical findings

18
Q

Well-defined mass, usually in area of pancreas
Increased through transmission
Variable size (round or oval)
May have debris at bottom

A

Pancreatic Pseudocyst sonographic findings

19
Q

True cyst

fluid filled cystadenoma

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst differential considerations

20
Q

Asymptomatic, often found in patients with polycystic renal disease

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases clinical findings

21
Q

Well-defined mass with serous fluid

Size varies from microscopic to several

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease sonographic findings

22
Q

Pseudocyst

Other cystic lesions of the pancreas

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Differential considerations

23
Q

Asymptomatic

Patients may have CNS and retinal hemangioblastomas, visceral cysts, pheochromocytomas, and renal cell carcinoma

A

Von hippel lindau disease clinical findings

24
Q

Well defined mass with thick fluid; calcification
Single or multiple
Size varies from microscopic to several centimeters

A

Von hippel lindau disease sonographic findings

25
Q

Pseudocyst

Other cystic lesions of the pancreas

A

Von hippel lindau disease differential considerations

26
Q

Asymptomatic

A

Cystic fibrosis clinical findings

27
Q

Well defined mass with serous fluid

Size varies from microscopic to several centimeters

A

Cystic fibrosis sonographic findings

28
Q

Pseudocyst

Other cystic lesions of the pancreas

A

cystic fibrosis differential considerations

29
Q

Asymptomatic, often found in infants

A

True pancreatic cysts clinical findings

30
Q

Well defined mass with serous fluid

Unilocular or multilocular

A

True pancreatic cysts sonographic findings

31
Q

Pseudocyst

Other cystic lesions of the pancreas

A

True pancreatic cysts differential considerations

32
Q

Depends on size and location of tumor (symptoms occur late if located in body/tail)
weight loss
Decreased appetite
Nausea, vomiting
Stool changes
Pain radiating to back
Painless jaundice if tumor is located in the head (hydrops of GB Courvoiser’s sign)
Metastasizes to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, bone, duodenum, peritoneum, and adrenal glands

A

Adenocarcinoma clinical findings

33
Q 
Loss of normal pancreatic parenchyma 
Hypoechoic poorly defined mass 
Focal mass with irregular borders
Enlargement of pancreas 
If mass is located in head of pancreas, look for hydrops, compression of IVC and dilated ducts
A

Adenocarcinoma Sonographic findings

34
Q

Pseudocyst
Cystadenoma
Lymphoma

A

Adenocarcinoma differential considerations

35
Q

Increased amylase

A

Cystadenoma clinical findings

36
Q

Anechoic mass with p posterior enhancement
May have internal septa
Thick walls
Small size of tumor makes it difficult to image
Single or multiple
Occur in body and tail
Hypoechoic

A

Cystadenoma sonographic findings

37
Q

Pseudocyst

Metastases

A

Cystadenoma differential considerations

38
Q

Epigastic pain for palpable mass

Abdominal pain

A

Cystadenocarcinoma clinical findings

39
Q

Irregular lobulated cystic tumor

Thick walls hypoechoc mass

A

Cystadenocarcinoma sonographic findings

40
Q

Pseudocyst
Cystadenoma
Adenocarcinoma
Islet cell tumor

A

Cystadenocarcinoma differential considerations

ABD class 2 (19 decks)

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