Chapter 12

Question 1

Are non -specific defenses used to protect the body from any general pathogenic attack.

Answer 1

Innate

Question 2

Are specific defenses used to protect the body from pathogens identified by the body.

Answer 2

Acquired

Question 3

The branch of medicine and biology is concerned with immunity.

Answer 3

Immunology

Question 3

This usually involves chemical or physical

Answer 3

Barriers

Question 4

Is the most apparent physical barrier.

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

In the respiratory system trap and then push out inhaled particles.

Answer 5

Cilia/Mucus

Question 6

Can physically occupy space to prevent pathogens from attaching to the body surfaces

Answer 6

Microbiome

Question 7

Is a chemical found in tears and saliva (among others) that hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls.

Answer 7

Lysozyme

Question 8

A type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.

Answer 8

Phagocytes

Question 9

A protein by cells usually in response to the entry of a virus.

Answer 9

Interferons

Question 10

Plasma proteins that can be activated directly by pathogens or indirectly by pathogen-bound antibody.

Answer 10

Complement system

Question 11

A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.

Answer 11

Inflammation

Question 12

When the body temperature rises over 37C.

Answer 12

Fever

Question 13

Is a solution

Answer 13

Plasma

Question 14

are not ‘soluble’

Answer 14

Formed elements.

Question 15

Red blood cells.

Answer 15

Erythrocytes

Question 16

White blood cells

Answer 16

Leukocytes

Question 17

A small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus.

Answer 17

Platelets

Question 18

Are leukocytes that contain large granules

Answer 18

Granulocytes

Question 19

Which make release histamine

Answer 19

Basophils

Question 20

perform phagocytosis and diapedesis

Answer 20

Eosinophils

Question 21

Is the movement of WBC outside the blood vessels.

Answer 21

Diapedesis

Question 22

Perform phagocytosis and diapedesis

Answer 22

Neutrophils

Question 23

Are leukocytes that do not contain large granules

Answer 23

Agranulocytes

Question 24

Mature into macrophages

Answer 24

Monocytes

Question 25

Which are responsible for specific immune response, B and T lymphocytes

Answer 25

Lymphocytes

Question 26

Cells (part of nonspecific response) are also lymphocytes

Answer 26

Natural killer

Question 26

Is a test to measure the ratio of WBCs

Answer 26

Differential white blood cell count

Question 27

increased eosinophils --> allergies or parasitic worm infection

Answer 27

Eosinophilia

Question 28

Is the process by which cells of the immune system engulf invading cells to break them down.

Answer 28

Phagocytosis

Question 29

Is the movement of a cell in response to a chemical stimulus

Answer 29

Chemotaxis

Question 30

Is when pseudopods extend from the phagocyte to surround the microbe

Answer 30

Ingestion

Question 31

Is how the macrophage breaks down the invader that it swallowed

Answer 31

Digestion

Question 31

Will eliminate the debris by exocytosis

Answer 31

Elimination

Question 31

Is the recognition and attachment of the phagocyte to the invading cell.

Answer 31

Adherence

Question 32

Use in movement and as a tool to capture prey.

Answer 32

Pseudopods

Question 33

Phagocytose bacteria and secrete both proinflammatory and antimicrobial mediators

Answer 33

Macrophages

Question 34

Controlling the growth and activity of other immune system cells and blood cells.

Answer 34

Cytokines

Question 35

Are things that might be recognized by a receptor protein on the macrophage

Answer 35

Pathogen-Associate Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

Question 36

Degradation of biological material

Answer 36

Phagosome

Question 37

Containing a variety of chemicals that damage the invader

Answer 37

Lysosome

Question 38

The perforate the membrane of invading bacteria

Answer 38

Membrane Attach Complex (MAC)

Question 39

Is a chemical that is used during viral infection

Answer 39

Interferon

Question 40

Trigger the hypothalamus to increase body temperature

Answer 40

Pyrogens