Chapter 11

Question 1

the acquisition of the pathogen, or its transition into pathogenicity

Answer 1

Infection

Question 2

the time between infection and the
arrival of the first symptoms

Answer 2

Incubation

Question 3

This stage of disease, when generalized, mild
symptoms arise

Answer 3

Prodromal period

Question 4

when symptoms are most evident—this is
the time the disease is usually identified

Answer 4

Illness

Question 5

when treatment and/or the immune
system work to combat the disease limiting/ destroying it

Answer 5

Decline

Question 6

the recovery from the disease

Answer 6

Convalescence

Question 7

Diseases spread by animals

Answer 7

Zoonotic diseases

Question 8

Transmission of zoonotic diseases can occur through these four ways

Answer 8

• Eating infected animal meat
• contact w/ animal waste
• animal bites
• biological vectors

Question 9

a person affected by a condition but producing or showing no symptoms of it is called

Answer 9

asymptomatic

Question 10

diseases that arise when a patient is
hospitalized for something else are called:

Answer 10

Nosocomial infections

Question 11

when pathogens are spread by people or
by objects that people touch

Answer 11

Contact transmission

Question 12

What is the method of transmission meaning person-to- person?

Answer 12

Direct Contact

Question 13

What is the method of transmission done via inanimate objects
that transmit the pathogens?

Answer 13

Indirect Contact

Question 14

What is the method of transmission that can occur if two people are very close when one coughs or sneezes?

Answer 14

Droplet transmission

Question 15

When pathogens are spread by a nonliving intermediate

Answer 15

Vehicle transmission

Question 16

the spread of a pathogen
through an intermediate animal i.e. an insect

Answer 16

Vector transmission

Question 17

when the pathogen
reproduces within the vector

Answer 17

Biological Vectors

Question 18

when the pathogen
doesn’t reproduce within the vector, but the
vector physically moves the pathogen

Answer 18

Mechanical Vectors

Question 19

What is Epidemiology?

Answer 19

the study of the frequency and
distribution of disease and other health-related factors in a population

Question 20

This disease can produce a set of toxins that cause a massive immune reaction.
(Name of disease and bacteria name)

Answer 20

Toxic shock syndrome and name is Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 21

Name 6 symptoms of S. aureus

Answer 21

Fever, vomting, rash, rapid blood pressure loss, and loss old skin

Question 22

What are the treatments for toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 22

Antibiotics (that aren’t beta-lactams)
Prevent organ failure!

Question 23

This disease is hemolytic gram-positive bacterium that can lead to several diseases, such as scarlet fever and Rheumatic fever.
(Name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 23

Pharyngitis and Streptococcus pyogenes (strep throat)

Question 24

What are the symptoms of strep throat?

Answer 24

Swollen lymph nodes, inflammation of that back of the pharynx, and puss-filled abscesses covering the tonsils.

Question 25

What is the treatment for S. pyogenes

Answer 25

long term antibiotics.

Question 26

What disease cause ingestion of the toxin. (Name of disease and Bacteria)

Answer 26

Botulism Clostridium botulinum

Question 27

What are the symptom's of C. botulinum

Answer 27

Blurred vision, dizziness, dry mouth, progressive paralysis, and possibly death

Question 28

What are the treatments?

Answer 28

Repeated washing of the intestinal tract to remove Clostridium, antibodies to neutralize toxins, and antibiotics in infant infections.

Question 29

This disease is an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming rod that leads to a disease known as pseudomembranous colitis. (Name of bacteria)

Answer 29

Clostridium difficile

Question 30

What are the symptoms of C. difficile?

Answer 30

Inflammation and possible necrosis of the colon walls.

Question 31

What is the treatment of C. difficile?

Answer 31

Stronger antibiotics and fecal transplant

Question 32

This disease is gram positive, acid fast aerobic bacillus. (name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 32

Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 33

What is the symptoms of tuberculosis?

Answer 33

persistent productive cough, frequently with blood in the sputum, fever, weakness, and more symptom's.

Question 34

What is the treatment for tuberculosis?

Answer 34

Long-term antibiotic.

Question 35

This diseases is a non-motile, aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus. (name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 35

Whooping cough and Bordetella pertussis

Question 36

What is the symptoms of whooping cough?

Answer 36

difficulty breathing, broken ribs, exhaustion, vomiting, and cold-like.

Question 37

What is the treatment for whooping cough?

Answer 37

Vaccination is prevention, individual symptoms.

Question 38

This disease is a thin, gram-negative spirochete. Its a sexually transmitted infection that has three major stages. (name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 38

Syphilis and Treponema pallidum

Question 39

What are the 3 major stages of syphilis?

Answer 39

Primary syphilis (Chancre), Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis.

Question 40

What is the symptoms of primary syphilis?

Answer 40

This is frequently painless and may not be noticed.

Question 41

What is the symptoms of secondary syphilis?

Answer 41

Whole body rash, fever, headaches, and sore throat.

Question 42

What is the symptoms of Tertiary syphilis?

Answer 42

benign tumors, liver, skin, bone, and cartilage. Painful but not fatal.

Question 43

What is the treatments of syphilis?

Answer 43

Antibiotics and prevention

Question 44

This disease is a gram-negative aerobic diplococcus and is sexually transmitted disease with different symptoms in men and women. (name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 44

Gonorrhea and Neisseria gonorrhea

Question 45

What are the symptoms of Gonorrhea?

Answer 45

Males: painful urination, pus, infertility. Females: Asymptomatic, pelvic inflammatory disease, and genital tract.

Question 46

What is the treatment for Gonorrhea?

Answer 46

Antibiotics such as cephalosporins.

Question 47

This disease is an enteric bacterium that is the causative agent and is from squirrels. (name of disease and bacteria)

Answer 47

Bubonic plague and Yersinia pestis

Question 48

What are the symptoms of the bubonic plague?

Answer 48

high fever and swollen lymph nodes.

Question 49

What is the treatment of the bubonic plague?

Answer 49

Antibiotics.

Question 50

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis?

Answer 50

Jaundice, abdominal distress, bleeding into skin and internal organs, and chronic inflammation leading to cirrhosis

Question 51

What is the treatment for Hepatitis?

Answer 51

Vaccination

Question 52

What are the stages of disease?

Answer 52

1)Infection 2)Incubation 3)Prodromal period 4)Illness 5)Decline 6)Convalescence

Question 53

What are the methods of transmission?

Answer 53

1)Contact transmission 2)Direct contact 3)Droplet transmission 4)Vehicle transmission 5) Airborne transmission 6)waterborne transmission 7) food borne transmission 8)bodily fluid transmission 9)vector transmission

Question 54

Name the 2 types of vectors?

Answer 54

Biological vectors and mechanical vectors.