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Anatomy > Chapter 11 Review Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Review Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and spinal cord Completely surrounded by bone Integrative and control center of nervous system

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

All nervous structures outside the CNS Nerves,ganglia

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3
Q

Ganglia

A

Groups of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

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4
Q

Number of cranial nerves

A

12

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5
Q

Pairs of spinal nerves

A

31

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6
Q

Number of cervical (neck) nerves

A

8

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7
Q

Number of thoracic (neck) nerves

A

12

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8
Q

Number of lumbar (lower back) nerves

A

5

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9
Q

Number of sacral (above the tailbone) nerves

A

5

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10
Q

Number of coccygeal (tailbone)

A

1

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11
Q

Astrocytes

A

Abundant star shaped cells Brace neurons Form barrier between blood capillaries and neuron Control the chemical environment of the brain NEUROGLIA

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12
Q

Microglia

A

Spiderlike phagocytes Dispose of debris NEUROGLIA

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13
Q

Ependymal

A

Line cavities of the Brain and spinal cord Chili’s assist with circulation of cerebrospinal fluid NEUROGLIA

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14
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Wrap around nerve fibers in the central nervous system Produce myelin sheaths NEIROGLIA

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15
Q

Schwann Cells

A

Form myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system NEUROGLIA

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16
Q

nuclei

A

Cluster of neurons in CNS

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17
Q

Center

A

Nuclei w same function

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18
Q

Ganglia

A

Clusters in the PNS

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19
Q

Tract

A

Bundle of axons in the CNS

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20
Q

Dendrites

A

Take impulses towards cell body

Branch Reception portion of neuron

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21
Q

Axon (nerve fiber)

A

CONDUCTS Impulses away from cell body

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22
Q

Cone shaped area axons arise from

A

Axon hillock

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23
Q

Branch of an Axon is a

A

Collaterals

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24
Q

Another name for axon terminals

A

Synaptic knobs

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25
Q

Myelinated Neurons

A

Appears white In CNS, is produced by Oligoderdocytes In PNS, Schwann Cells

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26
Q

Bipolar neuron

A

2 processes, rare, sensory

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27
Q

Unipolar

A

1 process, kinda, sensory

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28
Q

Multipolar

A

Many, most common, sensory/motor

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29
Q

Motor

A

EFFERENT TRANSMIT AWAY FROM CNS

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30
Q

SENSORY

A

AFFERENT TRANSMIT TO CNS

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31
Q

INTERNUNCIAL

A

ASSOCIATION TRANSMIT From 1 neuron to another ONLY IN CNS

32
Q

Nerve

A

The process of many neurons held together by connective tissue sheaths

33
Q

Neuralgia

A

Support insulate protect neurons 5 types

34
Q

Plate

A

Epineurium Membrane around outside of the whole nerve

35
Q

Cookie itself

A

Fasciculus Bundles of axons

36
Q

The cookie is made of

A

Perineurim bundles groups of axons together

37
Q

Rim of the chocolate chips

A

Endoneurium membrane around each axon

38
Q

Inside the chocolate chip

A

Axon

39
Q

Motor Neuron Ending

A

Form a neuromuscular junction with the skeletal muscle they supply Myelin sheath does not extend to axon terminals so bare axon come very close to muscle cell membrane

40
Q

Sensory Neuron Ending

A

Ends of sensory neurons are dendrites cutaneous senses- touch heat, pain, cold, pressure

41
Q

free neuron ending

A

Least modified receptor Pain receptor as well as heat cold and touch

42
Q

Encapsulated Neuron Endings

A

Are surrounded by connective tissue capsules

43
Q

Meissners Corpuscles

A

Light touch

44
Q

Pacinian

A

Heavy prsssure

45
Q

End bulbs of Krause

A

Cold

46
Q

Ruffini’s corpuscles

A

Heat

47
Q

Muscle spindles, neuroten dinous, organs

A

Work together to resist too much stretching of skeletal muscles, maintain tone

48
Q

What embryonic tissue does the NS come from

A

Ectoderm

49
Q

label the neuron

A
50
Q

Bipolar

Unipolar

Multipolar

A
51
Q

DIAGRAM OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

A
52
Q

study this myelinated photo bby

A
53
Q

Receptor

A

structure activiated by change in an internal or external environment

54
Q

exteroceptors

A

respond to stimulus from outside body

55
Q

introceptors

A

respond to changes internally

56
Q

Proprioceptor

A

provides information about the body part’s necessity by observing them

knowing where your foot is without looking at it

57
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

sensitve to physical deformation such as pressure or touch

58
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

temperature

59
Q

chemoreceptors

A

stimulated by chemicals

60
Q

photoreceptors

A

in eyes only. reacts to light receptors

61
Q
A
62
Q

3 major functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory Imput

motor output

Integration

63
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Subdivison of the PNS that regulates the activity of the heart and smooth muscle and of the glands; also called the involuntary nervous system

64
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Subdivison of the PNS that controls voluntary activity such as the activation of skeletal muscles

65
Q

Axon Terminal

A

release neurotransmitters

66
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Increase the speed of impulse transmission

Patchy disappearance in multiple sclerosis

67
Q

Cell Body

A

Location of the nucleus

site of biosynthetic activity

most are located and protcted within the CNS

68
Q
A
69
Q
A
70
Q

Nissle BOdy

A

Clustered ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum

71
Q

axon terminal function

A

Secretory components

72
Q

Axon Hillock

A

Trigger Zone

73
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

chemicals released by neurons that stimulate other neurons, muscles, or glands

74
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

Gaps in myelin sheath

75
Q
A
76
Q

Synapse

A

joint or point of close contact between neurons

Anatomy (14 decks)

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