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Anatomy > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the parts of the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Gray matter in the regions of the cerebrum is called?

Where?

A

Cerebral cortex- outer layer

Basal ganglia- deep inside cerebral hemisphere

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3
Q

Why are they gray

A

Unmyelinated

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4
Q

How many types of white matter are in the cerebrum

A

3

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5
Q

Projection tracts

A

Carry either descending (motor) impulses or acceding

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6
Q

Association

A

Connect areas of cerebral cortex within the 1 hemisphere

Vary in length

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7
Q

Commissural tract

A

Connect left and right side of brain
— anterior commissure
— corpus callosum

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8
Q

Which white matter is sometimes severed to provide relief from epileptic seizures

A

Commisural

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9
Q

Gyri

A

Round ridges on surface of cerebrum

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10
Q

Sulci

A

Shallow furrows on cerebrum

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11
Q

Fissure

A

Deep furrow

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12
Q

Primary motor area

A

Frontal

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13
Q

Premotor area

A

Frontal

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14
Q

Brocas Area

A

Associated with the ability to speak

Frontal

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15
Q

Primary sensory area

A

Parietal

General sensory information

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16
Q

Primary visual area

A

occipital lobe

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17
Q

Primary auditory area

A

Temporal lobe

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18
Q

Primary olfactory area

A

temporal lobe

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19
Q

Primary taste area

A

Parietal lobe

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20
Q

Frontal association area

A

Frontal

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21
Q

Somatic association area

A

Parietal

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22
Q

Wernickes area

A

associated with the ability to chose what words you say, language

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23
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Controls skeletal activity

If damaged, involuntary contractions of spinal muscles ADHD PARKINSONS

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24
Q

Olfactory bulbs

A

On the ventral surface of each cerebral hemisphere and it’s olfactory tract
SMELL

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25
Q

Right cerebrum

A
  • recognize complex visual patterns mentally picturing objects in 3D
  • expression and recognition of emotion in music or art
  • holistic or unitary approach
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26
Q

Left cerebrum

A

— function in verbal and sequential processes and behaviors suck as writing business letters and solving simple equations

— seems to process information in a fragmented or analytical way

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27
Q

What connects the two parts of the thalamus

A

Intermediate mass

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28
Q

Main function of the thalamus

A

The major sensory relay and integrating center of the brain

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29
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Controls processes associated with the autonomic nervous system

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30
Q

What is the limbic system

A

Primarily responsible for emotional life and has a lot to do with the formation of memories

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31
Q

What is a Peduncle

A

Stalk of fibers

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32
Q

What is the function of the red nucleus

A

Coordinated impulses between cerebellum and cerebrum

BLALANCE

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33
Q

What connects the two hemispheres of the cerebellum

A

Vermis

34
Q

White matter of the cerebellum

A

ARBOR VITAL

35
Q

Main functions of the cerebellum

A

Coordinates skeletal muscle through sensory input

Receives some sensory info concerning touch, vision, and sound

36
Q

Pons

A

(Bridge)

Connects the cerebellum with the cerebrum and Brain stem

37
Q

What forms the Brian stem

A

Medula+ pons+ mesencephalon

38
Q

Main function of the medulla oblongata

A

Heart rate
Respiration
Blood vessels
Coughing swallowing and vomiting

39
Q

RAS

A

Wakes you up

If hurt, coma

40
Q

How many ventricles in our brain

A

4

41
Q

What are ventricles filled with

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

42
Q

what makes CSF

A

Choroid plexus

43
Q

Meninges

A

3 outer dura mater
2 middle arachnoid
1 inner pia mater

44
Q

What is the function of the trochlear nerves

A

Eye muscle

45
Q

Telencephalon

A

Becomes: cerebrum, cerebral hemisphere

location: lateral ventricles

46
Q

Diencephalon

A

Becomes: thalamus and hypothalamus

Location: third ventricle

47
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Becomes: brain stem and midbrain

Location: cerebral aqueduct

48
Q

Metencephalon

A

Becomes: pons, cerebrum
Location: fourth ventricle

49
Q

Myelencephalon

A

Becomes: brain stem, medulla oblongata
Location: fourth ventricle

50
Q

What functions are the superior and inferior colliculi involved with? What structures do these 4 provinces form?

A

Corpora quadrigemina

Vision and sound

50
Q

What is the function of CSF?

A

Cushion

51
Q

What happened if CSF builds up in infants?

A

Hydrocephalus

52
Q

What procedure can be done to detect infection of CSF

A

spinal tap

53
Q

Innermost covering of the brain, delicate and vascular

A

Pia mater

54
Q

Structures that return cerebrospinal fluid to the blood

A

Arachnoid villi

55
Q

It’s outer layer forms the periosteum of the skull

A

Duramater

56
Q

Contains CSF

A

subarachnoid space

57
Q

Location of major arteries and veins

A

Subarachnoid space is

58
Q

Contains venous blood

A

Dural sinuses

59
Q

Attached to crista Galli of the ethmoid bone

A

Flex cerebri

60
Q

The CSF ordinarily flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle and then through __________ to the fourth ventricle.

A

Cerebral aqueduct

61
Q

Some of the CSF continues down the _____ of the spinal cord…

A

Central canal

62
Q

…but most of it circulated into the _____…

A

Subarachnoid space

63
Q

…by passing through three tiny openings in the walls of the______.

A

Fourth ventricle

64
Q

The CSF is returned to the blood via the _______…

A

Arachnoid villi

65
Q

If drained of the CSF is obstructed, the fluid accumulated under pressure, causing a condition called _______.

A

Hydrocephalus

66
Q

Slight and transient brain injury

A

Concussion

67
Q

Traumatic injury that destroys Brain tissue

A

Contusion

68
Q

Total nonresponsiveness to stimulation

A

Coma

69
Q

May cause medulla oblongata to be wedged into foramen magnum by pressure of blood

A

Intracranial hemorrhage

70
Q

After head injury, retention of water by Brain

A

Cerebral edema

71
Q

Results when a Brain region is deprived of blood or exposed to prolonged ischemia

A

CVA

72
Q

Progressive degeneration of the brain with abnormal protein deposits

A

Alzheimer’s disease

73
Q

Autoimmune disorder with extensive demyelination

A

Multiple sclerosis

74
Q

3 layer stick

A

Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
rhombencephalon

75
Q

5 layer stick

A 
Telencephalon 
Diencephalon 
Mesecephalon
Metencephalon 
Myelencephalon
76
Q

Telencephalon

A

Adult brain structures: cerebrum, cerebral, hemisphere

Neural canal: lateral ventricle

77
Q

Diencephalon

A

Adult brain structure: thalamus, hypothalamus

Neural canal: third ventricle

78
Q

Mesecephalon

A

Adult brain structure: Brian stem and midbrain

Neural canal: cerebral aqueduct

79
Q

Metencephalon

A

Adult brain structures: pons, cerebellum

Neural canal regions: fourth ventricle

80
Q

Myelencephalon

A

Adult brain structure: brain stem, medulla, oblongata

Neural canal region: fourth ventricle

Anatomy (14 decks)

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