Chapter 11 - Performance-Enhancing Substances and Methods

Question 1

Acromegaly

Answer 1

Condition that causes widening of bones and subsequent health problems

Question 2

Anabolic steroid

Answer 2

Synthetic testosterone and derivatives

Question 3

Beta-Agonist

Answer 3

Class of drugs chemically related to epinephrine

Question 4

Branched-chain amino acids

Answer 4

Leucine, isoleucine, and valine

Question 5

Dietary supplement

Answer 5

A refined non-food product intended to supplement the diet that contains any number of ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, herbs, or amino acids

Question 6

Ergogenic aid

Answer 6

Any substance, mechanical aid, or training method that improves sport performance

Question 7

Ergolytic

Answer 7

Performance reducing

Question 8

Erythropoietin

Answer 8

Hormone that increases red blood cell production

Question 9

Essential amino acid

Answer 9

Amino acids not produced in the body that must be supplied via diet

Question 10

Human growth hormone (HGH)

Answer 10

Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that drives

increases in muscle protein synthesis

Question 11

Lipolysis

Answer 11

The breakdown of fat

Question 12

Muscle buffering capacity (MBC)

Answer 12

The ability of skeletal muscle to regulate H⁺ ion concentrations

Question 13

Muscle dysmorphia

Answer 13

Persistent feeling that one is skinny and weak despite being strong and muscular

Question 14

Random drug tests

Answer 14

Tests conducted on athletes at random to detect the use of banned substances

Question 15

Stacking

Answer 15

Combining multiple anabolic steroids to increase the effect

Question 16

Testosterone

Answer 16

Primary male sex-hormone

Question 17

Thermogenesis

Answer 17

Increased energy expenditure resulting in the production of heat

Question 18

Vasodilation

Answer 18

Widening of blood vessels