Chapter 11 Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Alcohols

Answer 1

A class of organic compounds that contains the hydroxyl (-OH) group bonded to a carbon atom.

Question 2

Aldehydes

Answer 2

A class of organic compounds that contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.

Question 3

Alkanes

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons containing only single bonds between carbon atoms.

Question 4

Alkenes

Answer 4

Hydrocarbons that contain carbon-carbon double bonds (C=C).

Question 5

Alkyl group

Answer 5

An alkane minus one hydrogen atom. Alkyl gropes are named like the alkenes except a yl ending replaces ane.

Question 6

Alkynes

Answer 6

Hydrocarbons that contain carbon-carbon triple bonds.

Question 7

Aromatic compounds

Answer 7

Compounds that contain the rig structure of benzene.

Question 8

Benzene

Answer 8

A ring of six carbon atoms each of which is attached to one hydrogen atom, C6H6.

Question 9

Branched alkane

Answer 9

A hydrocarbon containing a hydrocarbon substituent bonded to the main chain.

Question 10

Carboxylic acids

Answer 10

A class of organic compounds that contains the functional group -COOH.

Question 11

Combustion

Answer 11

A chemical reaction in which an alkane or alcohol reacts with oxygen gas to produce CO2, water and energy.

Question 12

Ethers

Answer 12

A class of organic compounds that contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms.

Question 13

Functional group

Answer 13

A group of atoms that determine the physical and chemical properties and naming of a class of organic compounds.

Question 14

Hydrocarbons

Answer 14

Organic compounds consisting of only carbon and hydrogen.

Question 15

Hydroxyl group

Answer 15

The group of atoms (-OH) characteristic of alcohols.

Question 16

Isomers

Answer 16

Organic compounds in which identical molecular formulas have different arrangements of atoms.

Question 17

IUPAC system

Answer 17

A system for naming organic compounds determined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Question 18

Ketones

Answer 18

A class of organic compounds in which a carbonyl group is boned to two carbon atoms.

Question 19

Organic compounds

Answer 19

Compounds made of carbon that typically have covalent bonds, nonpolar molecules, low melting and boiling points, are insoluble in water and flammable.

Question 20

Primary alcohol

Answer 20

An alcohol that has one alkyl group boned to the alcohol carbon atom.

Question 21

Secondary alcohol

Answer 21

An alcohol that has two alkyl groups boned to the alcohol carbon atom.

Question 22

Tertiary alcohol

Answer 22

An alcohol that has three alkyl groups boned to the alcohol carbon atom.

Question 23

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 23

A compound of carbon and hydrogen in which the carbon chain contains at least one double (Alkene) or triple carbon-carbon bond (alkyne). An unsaturated compound is capable of a addition reaction with hydrogen, which converts the double or triple bonds to single carbon-carbon bond.