Chapter 1 Matter

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

The substances of the physical universe, is anything that has mass and occupies space.

Question 2

Physical states of Matter

Answer 2

Solid: definite volume and shape
Liquid: definite volume but no definite shape
Gas: neither definite volume nor shape

Question 3

Physical Changes vs. Chemical Changes

Answer 3

Both are changes in Matter.
Chemical change occurs when the substance’s composition is changed.
No new substances are ever formed as a result of physical changes.

Question 4

Pure substances vs Mixtures

Answer 4

A pure substance: a form of matter that has a definite and constant composition. For example an element Fe or a compound water.
A mixture: a physical combination of two or more pure substances in which the pure substances retain their identity. For example saltwater.

Question 5

Types of mixtures

Answer 5

A homogeneous mixture: contains only one phase, which has uniform properties throughout.
A heterogeneous mixture: contains visibly different parts or phases.

Question 6

Types of pure substances

Answer 6

either an element or a compound.

Question 7

Elements vs compounds

Answer 7

Both are pure substances.
Elements are made of same type of atoms.
Compounds made of two or more different types of atoms.
There are 115 pure substances that qualify as elements.
There are millions of compounds.

Question 8

Atoms vs Molecules

Answer 8

An atom: the smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element.
A molecules is a group of two or more atoms that functions as a unit because the atoms are tightly bound together.

Question 9

Chemistry

Answer 9

Is the field of study that is concerned with the characterization, composition, and transformations of matter.

Question 10

Compounds vs Mixtures

Answer 10

Both have components.
But compounds are pure, mixtures are not pure.
A compound is pure because the components are bonded chemically to be one pure substance.
A mixture is not pure because the components are physically mixture together and they retain their own identities.
For example: H2O is a pure compound; saltwater is a mixture.

Question 11

Element

Answer 11

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down by any physical or chemical means into simpler substances.

Question 12

Compound

Answer 12

A pure substance consisting of two or more different elements, with a definite composition, that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemicals methods.

Question 13

Compounds vs molecules

Answer 13

A molecule is made of two or more atoms chemically boned.
A compound is make of two or more DIFFERENT types of atoms chemically boned.

Question 14

Phase changes vs physical changes

Answer 14

Phase changes are all physical changes because when a substance changes from solid to liquid or to gas, it retains its original identity.

Question 15

Chemical property

Answer 15

A property of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition (identity) is changed.

Question 16

Physical property

Answer 16

A property of a substance that can be observed without changing the chemical identity of the substance.

Question 17

Atom

Answer 17

The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element.

Question 18

Gas

Answer 18

A state of matter that fills the entire shape and volume off its container.

Question 19

Liquid

Answer 19

A state of matter that has its own volume but takes the shape of the container.

Question 20

Solid

Answer 20

A state of matter that has its own shape and volume.

Question 21

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 21

A mixture of two or more substances that are mixed uniformly.

Question 22

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 22

A mixture of two or more substances that are not mixed uniformly.