Chapter 11

Question 1

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is determined by

Answer 1

cultural standards and experiences

Question 2

emerging adulthood (18-25)

Answer 2

characterized by further experimentation and exploration

Question 3

key features of emerging adulthood include

Answer 3

identity exploration (especially in love and work), instability, self-focused, feeling in between, age of possibilites

Question 4

What is the most widely recognized marker into adulthood?

Answer 4

holding a permanent full time job which leads to another marker- economic independence….taking responsibility and accepting responsibility for the consequences of one’s actions, deciding on one’s own beliefs and values, and establishing relationships with parents as an equal are also markers of adulthood.

Question 5

When do emerging adults reach peak physical performance?

Answer 5

between the ages of 19-26, and is also the healthiest time

Question 6

many college students have unrealistic beliefs about their future health risks which

Answer 6

often leads them to overwork and abuse their bodies with the negative effects showing up later in early adulthood or middle adulthood.

Question 7

We also begin to decline in physical performance

Answer 7

with the lessening of physical abilities, a common complaint among the just-turned thirties.

Question 8

Emerging adults have more than twice the mortality rate of adolescents

Answer 8

with males being responsible for the higher rate (car accidents and homicide).

Question 9

although emerging adults have a higher death rate than adolescents

Answer 9

they have fewer chronic health problems.

Question 10

most bad habits (inactivity, diet, obesity, substance use, reproductive health care) that emerged during adolescence

Answer 10

increased in emerging adulthood

Question 11

What percentage of 20-39 year olds are obese?

Answer 11

27%

Question 12

What is the increase in the probability of dying for individuals who are 30% overweight

Answer 12

Increases by 40%

Question 13

Health experts recommend 30 minutes a day or more of exercise

Answer 13

benefits not only physical health, but mental health as well- i.e., improves self-concept, reduces anxiety and depression.

Question 14

college students drink more than youth who end their education after high school

Answer 14

fortunately by the time individuals reach their mid-twenties, many have reduced their use of alcohol and drugs.

Question 15

higher levels of alcohol use are linked to higher rates

Answer 15

of risk taking

Question 16

risk taking behavior

Answer 16

1. no contraceptive use
2. regretting of casual sex
3. sexual assaults.

Question 17

at the beginning of emerging adulthood (age 18), slightly more than 60 % of individuals

Answer 17

have experiences sexual intercourse, but by the end of emerging adulthood (age 25) most individuals have had sexual intercourse

Question 18

average age for marriage is 28 for males and 26 females

Answer 18

so emerging adulthood is a time when most individuals are both sexually active and unmarried

Question 19

How many adults are affected by STIs?

Answer 19

1 in 6

Question 20

Among the prevalent STIs are

Answer 20

bacterial infections (gonorrhea, syphilis and Chlamydia) and STIs caused by viruses (genital herpes, genital warts and AIDS)

Question 21

How many rapes are reported each year in the US?

Answer 21

200,000

Question 22

Male rape victims account for what percentage of all rapes?

Answer 22

5%

Question 23

Causes of number of rapes

Answer 23

males are socialized to be sexually aggressive, to regard women as inferior beings, and to view their own pleasure as the most important objective in sexual relationships.

Question 24

Male rapists share the following characteristics:

Answer 24

aggression enhances their sense of power or masculinity; they are angry at women in general; and they want to hurt or humiliate their victims.

Question 25

an increasing concern is date or acquaintance rape

Answer 25

1 in 3 adolescent girls will be involved in a controlling abusive relationship before she graduates from high school, and 1 in 3 college freshman women report having been date-raped or having experienced an attempted date rape at least once.

Question 26

piaget- formal operational thought

Answer 26

many young adults are more quantitatively advanced in their thinking in the sense that they have more knowledge than adolescents, but many adults do not think in formal operational ways at all.

Question 27

is there a 5th post-formal stage?

Answer 27

a form of thought that involves understanding that the correct answer to a problem require reflective thinking and can vary from one situation to another and that the search for truth is often ongoing and never ending.... young adults are more likely to engage in this process than adolescents.

Question 28

Schai

Answer 28

in early adulthood individuals often switch from acquiring knowledge to applying knowledge

Question 29

Perry

Answer 29

the absolute, dualistic thinking (either/or) of adolescence gives way to reflective, relativistic thinking of adulthood.

Question 30

Careers and work

Answer 30

from the mid-twenties through the remainder of early adulthood, individuals often seek to establish themselves in their emerging career in a particular field. they may work hard to move up the carrer ladder and improve their financial standing.

Question 31

What fraction of their lives do most individuals spend at work?

Answer 31

1/3

Question 32

Work defines people in fundamental ways

Answer 32

it is an important influence on their financial standing, housing, the way they spend their time, where they live, their friendship and their health.

Question 33

some people define their identity

Answer 33

through work.

Question 34

work creates a structure and rhythm to life and when unable to work

Answer 34

many individuals experience distress and low self-esteem

Question 35

unemployment produces stress

Answer 35

and is related to physical problems, mental problems, marital difficulties and homicide

Question 36

dual-career couples

Answer 36

- us husbands are taking increasing responsibility for maintaining the home - us women are taking increased responsibility for bread winning - us men are showing greater interest in their roles as dads.