chapter 11 Flashcards
what term refers to the scientific study of hair and its diseases and care?
trichology
the greek word troches means what?
hair
the hair , skin , nails, and glands are part of the what system?
integumentary
what part of the hair is located below the surface of the epidermis?
the hair root
the pocket or tube like depression in the scalp or skin that contains the hair root is the hair
follicle
the thickened, club like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is the what?
hair bulb
a small, cone shaped area located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb is the what?
dermal papilla
what structures contain the blood and nerve supply that provide the nutrients needed for hair growth?
dermal papillae
the small, involuntary muscle fiber in the base of the hair follicle is the what?
arrector pii
The substance secreted by the sebaceous glands is called the what?
sebum
what is the oily substance secreted by the skin’s oil glands that lubricates the hair and skin?
sebum
the body naturally produces how many of the 20 amino acids that make up hair?
11
what is the outermost layer of the hair?
hair cuticle
which layer of the hair shaft creates the shine and the smooth, silky feel of the hair
hair cuticle
a lengthwise section of hair shows that cuticle scales overlap and each individual cuticle scale is attached to the what?
cortex
which terms refers to a layer that protects the hair from penetration and prevents damage to hair fibers?
hair cuticle
the fibrous protein core fromed by elongated cells that contains melanin pigment is the what?
cortex
the changes involved in oxidation hair coloring, wet setting, thermal styling , permanent waving , and chemical relaxing take place within the what?
cortex
hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the what?
hair follicle
the hair shaft that emerges from the scalp is a nonliving fiber composed of what
keratinized protein
hair is approximately what percent protein
90%
the major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen , and sulfur, often referred to as what?
COHNS elements
the units of structure that build protein and are joined together end to end like pop beads are what?
amino acids
a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a what chain
polypeptide
what substance are comprised of long, coiled, complex polypeptides made of amino acids?
proteins
the three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together are
hydrogen, salt and disulfide
a physical side bond that is easily broken by water and het is a what bond
hydrogen
what type of bond is broken by wetting the hair with water and is reformed when the hair dries?
hydrogen
a weak , physical, cross-link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains that is broken by changes in pH is a what bond?
salt
permanent waving and hair relaxers change the shape of hair by chemically altering the hairs what
disulfide bonds
hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to what bonds
lanthionine
all natural hair color is the result of pigment called
melanin
the pigment that provides brown or black color to the hair is what
eumelanin
what term refers to the shape of the hair strand?
wave pattern
what is the cross section shape of curly hair?
oval
villus hair is also known as what hair?
lanugo
what type of hair is short, fine, unpigmented, and downy?
vellus
what are the three growth cycles of human hair
anagen , catagen, and telogen
what is the growth phase during which new hair is produced
anagen
what is the resting phase or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed
telogen
the sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots is known as what?
alopecia areata
temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy is called what
postpartum alopecia
what is the technical term for gray hair
canities
the condition of abnormal hair growth of terminal hair is referred to as
hypertrichosis
trichoptilosis is the technical term for what
split ends
what si a condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swelling along the hair shaft?
trichorrhexis nodosa
what is the technical term for beaded hair
monilethrix
what is the technical term for brittle hair
fragilitas crinium
what is the medical term used to describe dandruff
pityriasis
current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a fungus called
malassezia
what is a severe type of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scalp scales mixed with sebum?
pityriasis steatoides
what severe for of dandruff is accompanied by redness and inflammation
seborrheic dermatitis
what is the medical term for ringworm
tinea
tine is characterized by itching scales and sometimes painful circular lesions and is caused by what
fungal organisms
what is a scalp disorder characterized by dry, sulfur- yellow, cup -like curses on the scalp
tine favosa
what is a highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite?
scabies
what term refers to an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice
pediculosis capitis
what term refers to an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain?
furuncle
the thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred to as a hair
texture
which type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?
coarse hair
the measurement that describes the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the scalp is hair?
density
the ability of the hair to absorb moisture is hair what?
porosity
chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require a what solution?
more alkaline
the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is referred to as hair what?
elasticity
hair flowing in the same direction, as the result of follicles sloping in the same direction, is known as a what?
hair stream
