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A&P > CHAPTER 11 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 11 Flashcards

1
Q

attaches muscle to bone, skin, or another muscle

A

tendon

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2
Q

thin, flattened sheetlike tendon

A

aponeurosis

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3
Q

True or false? most muscles cross at least one mobile joint

A

true

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4
Q

For axial muscles, which attachment is more moveable? the superior one or the inferior one?

A

superior

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5
Q

For appendicular muscles, which attachment is less moveable, the proximal or distal?

A

proximal

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6
Q

pennate muscles

A

fascicles organized as if part of a large feather

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7
Q

3 subtypes of pennate muscles

A

unipennate, bipennate, multipennate

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8
Q

unipennate

A

fascicles on same side of tendon

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9
Q

bipennate

A

fascicles on both sides of tendon

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10
Q

multipennate

A

branches of tendon within muscle, and fascicles arranged around both sides of each tendon branch

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11
Q

Which of the pennate muscle subtypes is most common?

A

bipennate

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12
Q

muscles grouped by primary actions :

A

agonist, antagonist, synergist

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13
Q

occipitofrontalis muscle

A

connects with epicranial aponeurosis ( galea aponeurotica) to form epicranius

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14
Q

what muscle is responsible for raising of eyebrows?

A

frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

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15
Q

muscle responsible for slight retraction of the scalp

A

occipital belly of occipitofrontalis muscle

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16
Q

corrugator supercilii muscle

A

draws eyebrows together

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17
Q

orbicularis oculi and what it does

A

circular muscle fibers surrounding orbit, closes eye

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18
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

A

elevates upper eyelid

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19
Q

nasalis

A

allows for flaring of nostrils

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20
Q

procerus

A

wrinkles nose.

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21
Q

What muscle of the nose is associated with the frontal belly of occipitofronatlis muscle?

A

procerus

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22
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes mouth, puckers lips

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23
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

pull slower lip inferiorly

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24
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

pulls corners of the mouth inferiorly (frown)

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25
Q

levator labii superioris

A

pulls upper lip superiorly

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26
Q

levator anguli oris

A

pulls corners of mouth superiorly and laterally

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27
Q

works as a synergist to the zygomaticus major and minor to produce smile

A

levator anguli oris

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28
Q

risorius

A

pulls corner of the lips laterally

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29
Q

mentalis

A

protrudes lower lip

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30
Q

platysma

A

tenses neck and pulls lower lip inferiorly

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31
Q

buccinator

A

compresses cheek

32
Q

How many extrinsic eye muscles?

A

6 (4 rectus, 2 oblique)

33
Q

True or false? the rectus eye muscles originate from a common tendinous ring.

A

true

34
Q

medial rectus function and nerve

A

CN 3 oculomotor , pulls eye medially

35
Q

lateral rectus function and nerve

A

cn 6 abducens, pulls eye laterally

36
Q

inferior rectus and nerve

A

cn 3 oculomotor , pulls eye inferiorly and medially

37
Q

superior rectus function and nerve

A

pulls eye superiorly and medially, cn 3 oculomotor

38
Q

inferior oblique and nerve

A

elevates and turns eye laterally. cn 3 oculomotor

39
Q

superior oblique and nerve

A

passes through pulleylike loop , trochlea. innervated by trochlear nerve cn 4

40
Q

Four paired muscles move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint. How is this group referred to?

A

muscles of mastication

41
Q

What nerves innervate the muscles of mastication?

A

all four are innervated by the trigeminal nerve, CN V

42
Q

broad, fan-shaped muscle which retracts the madible.

A

temporalis

43
Q

powerful and important muscle of mastication which protracts the mandible.

A

masseter

44
Q

Which muscle of mastication allows side-to-side movement of the mandible?

A

medial+lateral pterygoid

45
Q

True or false? the medial pterygoid provides both side-to-side movement and elevation.

A

true

46
Q

Which nerve innervates the extrinsic muscles of the tounge?

A

CN 12 hypoglossal

47
Q

genioglossus

A

protract tongue

48
Q

styloglossus

A

elevate and retract tonguehy

49
Q

hyoglossus

A

depress and retract tongue

50
Q

palatoglossus

A

elevate posterior part of tongue

51
Q

erector spinae

A

maintain upright posture

52
Q

3 groups of erector spinae muscles, lateral to medial.

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

53
Q

What do the transversospoinalis muscles do? where are they?

A

connect and stabilize vertebrae, deep to erector spinae.

54
Q

Quadratus lumborum muscles

A

extend vertebral column when bilaterally contracted, laterally flex column when unilaterally contracted.

55
Q

serratus posterior superior

A

elevates ribs during forced inspiration. increases lateral dimensions of thorax

56
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

depresses the ribs during forced expiration

57
Q

scalene muscles

A

help elevate first and second ribs during forced inspiration

58
Q

external intercostals

A

elevate ribs during inspiration, expanding cavity

59
Q
A
60
Q
A
61
Q

internal intercostals

A

depress ribs during forced expiration

62
Q

transversus thoracis

A

depresses ribs during forced expiration

63
Q

internally placed dome-shaped muscle that partitions thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

diaphragm

64
Q

the muscle fibers of the diaphragm converge towards a fibrous _______

A

central tendon

65
Q

Central tendon of diaphragm is pulled inferiorly, increasing the dimension of the ______

A

thoracic cavity

66
Q

fibrous sleeve enclosing abdominus rectus

A

rectus sheath

67
Q

fibrous strip connecting 2 sides of rectus sheath

A

linea alba

68
Q

a loop of the small intestine has protruded through the superifical inguinal ring. what is this?

A

hernia

69
Q

trapezius function and location, description

A

diamond-shaped muscle extending from skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdle. can elevate, depress, retract, or rotate scapula.

70
Q

prime abductor of the arm

A

deltoid

71
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

72
Q

subscapularis (rotator cuff)

A

medially rotates arm

73
Q

supraspinatus

A

abducts the arm

74
Q

infraspinatus and teres minor

A

adduct and laterally rotate arm

75
Q
A

A&P (11 decks)

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