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Biology > Chapter 11/12/13 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 11/12/13 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Homologous chromosomes that are same or similar chromosomes in males and females

A

Autosomes

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2
Q

Chromosomes that are different in males and females.

A

Sex chromosomes

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3
Q

Traits that are produced through the interaction of several genes

A

Polygenic Traits

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4
Q

Only gets 1 sex chromosome. X. Appear female but sex organs do not develop at puberty. 45X or 45X

A

Turner syndrome

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5
Q

What is the karyotype of a person with Turner Syndrome

A

45X or 45XO

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6
Q

Get two X’s and 1 Y. Appear male but are sterile.47XXY

A

Klinefelter syndrome

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7
Q

WHat is a karyotype of a person with Klinefelter Syndrome

A

47XXY

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8
Q

A gene with more than two alleles.

A

Multiple alleles

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9
Q

A gene located on one of the sex chromosomes.

A

Sex-Linked genes

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10
Q

Both alleles are active so both are expressed.

A

Codominance

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11
Q

The active allele does not completely dominate over the inactive allele so the outcome is in between.

A

Incomplete Dominance

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12
Q

A trait that is caused by a gene whose expression is different in males and females.

A

Sex-Influenced traits

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13
Q

Mistakes in gene information transfer.

A

Mutations

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14
Q

involve segments, whole or sets of chromosomes.

A

Chromosomal Mutations

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15
Q

Part of one nonhomologous chromosome breaks off and attaches to another.

A

Translocation

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16
Q

Mistakes that affect reproductive cells.

A

Germ Mutation

17
Q

Mistakes that affect body cells.

A

Somatic Mutation

18
Q

A segment is repeated.

A

Duplication

19
Q

Changes that affect one single protein

A

Point mutation

20
Q

Oriented in the reverse of its usual direction.

A

Inversion

21
Q

The loss of part of a chromosome.

A

Deletion

22
Q

Failure of chromosomes (meiosis I) or chromatids (meiosis II) to separate properly and the results

A

Nondisjunction

23
Q

What is a karyotype of a person with Down Syndrome

A

Trisomy 21

24
Q

A protein is inserted or deleted so it changes the sequence completely.

A

Frameshift mutation

25
Q

In sex determination what is essential? -

A

X

26
Q

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with A blood.

A

I^A I^A, I^A i

27
Q

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with B blood.

A

I^B I^B, I^B i

28
Q

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with AB blood.

A

I^A I^B

29
Q

Give all the possible genotypic combinations for a person with O blood.

A

ii

30
Q

What is the genotype of a universal donor? (Include Rh factor)

A

ii, Rh-

Biology (13 decks)

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