Chapter 10 Test Flashcards
_____ use binary fission.
Prokaryotes
Interphase has _____ phases and then is followed by _____.
three
cell division
What are the three phases of interphase
G1 Phase: Cell Growth
S Phase: DNA Replication
G2 Phase: Preparing for Cell Division (Mitosis)
What is G1 Phase
Cell Growth
What is S Phase
DNA Replication
What is G2 Phase
Preparing for Cell Division (Mitosis)
What happens during G1 Phase?
Cells increase in size.
Intense growth and activity.
Cells increase in size during which phase
G1 phase
Cells have intense growth and activity during which phase?
G1 phase
What is duplicated during the G1 phase
centrioles
During the S phase New DNA is _____ when the _____ replicate.
synthesized
chromosomes
During what phase is new DNA synthesized when the chromosomes replicate.
S phase
What ensures that each daughter cell will get a complete set. Parent =12, daughter cell=12
DNA replication (S phase)
if a parent cell has 12 chromosomes how many cells does the daughter cell have at the end of cytokinesis
12
G2 Phase is preparing for _____ (_____)
Cell Division (Mitosis)
This phase is the process of mitosis.
M Phase: Cell Division
When do chromosomes become visible.
M phase
List the phases of mitosis in order
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What is the longest phase in mitosis
prophase
During prophase duplicated strands (_____) attach at _____ (_____)
sister chromatid
the center (centromere.)
When do the centrioles begin to move to opposite poles and the spindle (microtubules) connect between them
prophase
During prophase the _____ begin to move to opposite poles and the _____ (_____) connect between them
centrioles
spindle (microtubules)
When does the chromatid attach to the middle of the spindle at their centromeres.
Metaphase
During Metaphase the _____ attach to the middle of the _____ at their _____.
chromatid
spindle
centromeres
When does the spindle help the sister chromatids separate at the centromere.
Anaphase
During anaphase The _____ helps the sister chromatids _____ at the _____.
spindle
separate
centromere
What happens to the chromosomes in telophase?
The chromosomes unwind and are no longer visible.
When do the chromosomes unwind and become no longer visible.
telophase
In cytokinesis animal cells’ _____ is pinched in two equal parts.
cytoplasm
In cytokinesis plant cells form a _____ in between _____.
cell plate
the rigid cell wall.
What kind of reproduction do prokaryotes use
asexual
binary fission
is interphase part of mitosis
no
is cytokinesis part of mitosis
no
what are the two main things you need to know about the g1 phase
intense growth
centrioles duplicate
What is the most important hting that happens in s phase
DNA is duplicated
What happens in G2
prepares for mitosis
What is the longest phase of the cell cycel
interphase
A body cell with 14 chromosomes goes into g1 phase. How many chromosomes does this body cell have as it enters mitosis?
28
What is special about prophase
it is the longest phase
can we see chromosomes in prophase
yes
duplicate strands attach at the center of what phase?
Metaphase
The centrioles begin to move to opposite poles and the spindle (microtubules) connect between them in what phase
pro phase
What’s special about metaphase
the chromosomes line up in the middle and the chromatid attach at the centromere
what helps the sister chromatids separate at the centromere
spindle
What’s special about telophase?
this is when the chroosomes unwind and are no longer visibile
what phase do chromosomes show
prophase metaphase and anaphase
As a cell becomes larger, the _____ increases Faster than the_____
volume
cells surface area
The larger the cell becomes there is a greater demand on _____
the DNA
How do cells solve the problem of getting too big
cell division
because the cell divides into two daughter cells.
Why does the cell copy all DNA
so each cell has the exact same amount of original DNA.
The cell splits in half solving the _____ and _____ problem.
surface area and volume
Sexual reproduction provides genetic diversity for _____
the continuation of species
is the offspring is genetically identical to the single parent in asexual or sexual reproduction
asexual
There is no exchange of DNA information so no genetic diversity in asexual or sexual reproduction
asexual
Why is there no genetic diversity in asexual reproduction?
there is no exhange of DNA
_____ reproduction is reproduction with the fusion of reproductive cells
sexual
Sexual reproduction is reproduction with the _____
fusion of reproductive cells
In sexual reproduction Offspring inherit how much of their information from each parent
half
in _____ reproduction offspring inherit half of their information from each parent
sexual
Which phase is the synthesis phase?
S phase
