7.1/7.2 Test Flashcards
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
All cells come from preexisting cells
How would you be able to recognize a prokaryotic cell under a microscope?
DNA is suspended in the cytoplasm
What cells enclose their DNA in a nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells
What do all cells have in common?
They all have a cell membrane; come from preexisting cells
What kind of organisms are all considered prokaryotes?
Bacteria
If you look at a cell and it has a large membranous structure with a very dense dark spot in it, what do you know about this cell?
That it is a eukaryotic cell with DNA stored in the nucleus
What does the nucleus do?
Contains and stores the DNA
What is the relationship between the nucleus and the cytoplasm?
The nucleus is suspended in the cytoplasm
The nucleus is the site for what production?
Ribosomes
What organelle breaks down other organelles and other cells?
Lysosomes
What organelle stores salts and water?
vacuoles
What structure makes proteins and where are these made?
Ribosomes; they are made in the nucleolus
What organelle modifies and sorts proteins?
Golgi apparatus
What organelle converts chemical energy in food to compounds that the cell can use to make energy?
Mitochondria
Which two organelles are involved in energy conversion?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
What organelle is specific to plant cells but never animal cells?
Chloroplasts
What is the function of the cell wall?
They support and protect the cell and allow for needed substances to pass through easily
How is the cell wall different than the cell membrane?
What never has a cell wall?
Animal cells
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
It regulates what enters and leaves the cell and supports and protects the cell
What are the pumps and channels of the cell membrane made of?
Globular proteins
What surrounds all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Cell membrane
Where are the ribosomes made?
Nucleolus
What makes the rough ER easy to identify?
Flattened sacs and elongated canals
Where are protein synthesizers made and where are most of them located?
ribosomes and most of them are located in muscle tissue
What is the most dense area of the cell?
Nucleolus
Where is the cell’s genetic information found?
Chromatin
What is the largest structure in a plant cell?
Central Vacuole
If a cell needs a lot of protein molecules what do they need a lot of?
Ribosomes
How do Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes differ. 2 main reasons. Compare and contrast.
Prokaryotes do not enclose their DNA information in a nuclei whereas eukaryotes enclose their DNA information in a nuclei. Prokaryotes are generally smaller and simpler whereas eukaryotes are generally larger and more complex.
