Chapter 11/12

Question 1

primary goals for speaking

Answer 1

to inform, persuade, introduce, make a group presentation, entertain

Question 2

informative speech

Answer 2

teach listeners something they don’t already know

Question 3

persuasive speech

Answer 3

appeal to listeners to think or act in a certain way

Question 4

introductory speech

Answer 4

tell listeners about someone’s background and characteristics

Question 5

types of professional presentations

Answer 5

oral report, symposium, colloquium, forum, panels

Question 6

oral report

Answer 6

one person delivers a speech on the group’s behalf

Question 7

symposium

Answer 7

each member of a group makes an individual presentation on a common topic

Question 8

colloquium

Answer 8

a format in which members of a group discusses a topic with one another in front of an audience

Question 9

forum

Answer 9

group members and audience members offer comments and questions to one another

Question 10

brainstorming

Answer 10

encourages you to identify as many ideas as possible without stopping to evaluate

Question 11

audience analysis

Answer 11

is a process of thinking carefully about the characteristics of listeners so you can address your audience in the most effective way possible

Question 12

visual learners

Answer 12

learn best from illustrations, diagrams, and other images

Question 13

auditory learners

Answer 13

focus on the voice and what they hear

Question 14

kinesthetic learners

Answer 14

prefer group activities and hands-on activities

Question 15

demographic characteristics

Answer 15

are individual characteristics of your listeners related to the populations they represent. Listener interests, attitudes, experiences, and preferences can all vary as a function of age, sex and sexual orientation, culture, socioeconomic status, physical and mental characteristics, and political orientation, so effective speakers are attuned to these characteristics in their audience

Question 16

purpose

Answer 16

why is your audience coming together to hear you

Question 17

size

Answer 17

how big is your audience

Question 18

available time

Answer 18

how much time do you have to speak

Question 19

purpose statement

Answer 19

a declaration of your specific goal for a speech

Question 20

to develop a strong purpose statement

Answer 20

be specific, selective, declarative

Question 21

thesis statement

Answer 21

a one-sentence version fo the message in your speech

Question 22

to develop a strong purpose statement

Answer 22

be concrete, make a statement, be flexible, be truthful

Question 23

main points

Answer 23

is a statement expressing a specific idea or theme related to the speech topic. should be written as complete sentences

Question 24

topic pattern

Answer 24

organizes main points to represent different categories

Question 25

time pattern

Answer 25

organizes main points in chronological order

Question 26

space pattern

Answer 26

organize main points according to geographic or physical areas

Question 27

cause-and-effect pattern

Answer 27

organizes main points to identify the causes of an event and then its consequences

Question 28

problem-solution pattern

Answer 28

organizes main points to describe a problem and then offer solutions

Question 29

subpoints

Answer 29

can clarify the meaning of a main point, provide examples, offer evident and elaborate on your argument

Question 30

ethos

Answer 30

consists of three components wisdom, virtue, goodwill

Question 31

transition

Answer 31

connects one point in a speech to the next

Question 32

preview transititons

Answer 32

alert listeners that you are about to shift to a new topic

Question 33

summary transitions

Answer 33

remind listeners of points already made

Question 34

signpost

Answer 34

can serve several different functions, including compare and contrast, providing explanation, summarize to help listeners follow the organizational structure of a presentation