Chapter 10- Patterns Of Inheritence

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

The scientific study of heredity

How traits pass from one generation to the next

Question 2

Gregor Mendel

Answer 2

Father of Genetics

Experimented breeding garden peas

Question 3

P Generation

Answer 3

Parental generation

Question 4

F2 generation

Answer 4

Offspring from P

Question 5

F2

Answer 5

F1 plants fertilize, F2 are their offspring

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Basis of inheritance

Packaged into chromosomes in nucleus

Question 7

Genes

Answer 7

Functional portion of DNA

Part of DNA coding for a specific protein

Located within certain regions on a chromosome

Question 8

Alleles

Answer 8

Alternate versions of genes

Account for variation

Written and expressed as letters (dominant is upper case, recessive is lower)

Question 9

Homozygous

Answer 9

Two identical alleles

Question 10

Heterozygous

Answer 10

Two different alleles

Question 11

Dominant vs recessive alleles

Answer 11

Mask recessive alleles (masks phenotype)

If an individual has both, only the dominant is seen.

Recessive allele for which the phenotype is only seen in the homozygote (pp)

Question 12

Homozygous vs heterozygous individuals

Answer 12

Homozygous dominant (PP)

Homozygous recessive (pp)

Heterozygous (Pp)

Question 13

Genotype

Answer 13

Actual genetic makeup

Combination of alleles for a particular trait

Question 14

Phenotype

Answer 14

Physical expression of a trait

Appearance of an individual resulting from their genes

Question 15

Codominance

Answer 15

Type of inheritance when neither allele is masked or altered by the other in the phenotype

Question 16

Incomplete dominance

Answer 16

Type of inheritance when two alleles blend to form an intermediate phenotype

Question 17

Sex-linked

Answer 17

Type of inheritance when the gene is carried on X chromosome but not Y chromosome

Question 18

Carrier

Answer 18

General term for a person who is heterozygous for a recessive gene that causes a particular disorder

Question 19

Dominant/recessive

Answer 19

Type of inheritance in which one allele masks the phenotype of the other allele