Chapter 10 (Part 1)

Question 1

What are the functions of the muscle system?

Answer 1

Produce skeletal movement 
 Maintain posture/body position
 Support soft tissue
 Thermoregulation
 Guards entrances and exits

Question 2

made of groups of muscle fibers (muscle cells)

Answer 2

muscle fascicles

Question 3

Covers whole muscle; separates muscle from surrounding tissues and organs

Answer 3

epimysium

Question 4

Around muscle fascicle, divides skeletal muscle into series of fascicles, contains blood vessels and nerves which will serve the muscle fibers located within

Answer 4

perimysium

Question 5

surrounds individual muscle fiber

Loosely interconnects adjacent muscle fibers

Answer 5

endomysium

Question 6

What does the endomysium contain?

Answer 6

capillary network, myosatellite, nerve fibers

Question 7

Bundle of dense regular connective tissue attaching muscle to bone

Answer 7

tendon

Question 8

Broad sheet of dense regular connective tissue providing a larger attachment which may include more than one bone

Answer 8

aponeurosis

Question 9

dense irregular connective tissue sheet external to the epimysium, separates muscle from each other

Answer 9

deep fascia

Question 10

areolar and adipose connective tissue sheet; separates muscle from skin

Answer 10

superficial fascia

Question 11

cell membrane of a muscle fiber

Answer 11

sarcolemma

Question 12

cytoplasm of the muscle fiber

Answer 12

sarcoplasm

Question 13

Narrow tubes continuous with the sarcolemma and extend into the sarcolemma

Answer 13

Transverse tubules

Question 14

Tubular network surrounding each myofibril for storage of calcium ions

Answer 14

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

end of SR which has enlarged and fused with the t-tubule

Answer 15

terminal cisternae

Question 16

T-tubule + Terminal Cisternae on each side

Answer 16

triad

Question 17

Actively move more calcium into the SR from sarcoplasm

Answer 17

ion pumps

Question 18

Open in response to electrical stimulus allowing calcium out of the SR.

Answer 18

calcium gated ion channels

Question 19

What does the membrane contain?

Answer 19

ion pumps, calcium gated ion channels,

Question 20

bundles of myofilaments, protein filaments, surrounded by transverse tubules running the length of the muscle fiber

Answer 20

myofibrils

Question 21

protein filaments necessary for muscle contraction

Answer 21

myofilament

Question 22

What are the 2 types of myofilament?

Answer 22

thick and thin

Question 23

primary protein molecule of thick filament

Answer 23

myosin

Question 24

long interwoven polypeptide chains that bind to other myosin molecules

Answer 24

myosin tail

Question 25

contain two globular protein subunits and will interact with thin filament during contraction forming a crossbridge

Answer 25

myosin head

Question 26

Elastic core extending past myosin which recoils after stretching

Answer 26

titin (connectin)

Question 27

primary protein of the thin filament

Answer 27

actin

Question 28

What makes up filamentous actin?

Answer 28

strands of globular actin

Question 29

Long protein holding the two strands of F-actin together

Answer 29

nebulin

Question 30

Long double stranded protein molecule which blocks myosin bind sites on actin when muscles are at rest

Answer 30

tropomyosin

Question 31

What does troponin bind with?

Answer 31

Tropomyosin Actin Caclium ions when they become present

Question 32

Attachment for thin filaments which interconnects neighboring sarcomeres

Answer 32

actinin

Question 33

Repeating functional units of myofilaments extended along myofibrils

Answer 33

sarcomeres

Question 34

Thin filaments only in a sarcomere

Answer 34

I-band

Question 35

Center of I-band where thin filaments are anchored into actinin

Answer 35

Z line

Question 36

Location of thick filaments

Answer 36

A Band

Question 37

Where thick filaments are interspersed with thin filaments

Answer 37

Zone of overlap

Question 38

Only thick filaments in A band

Answer 38

H Band

Question 39

Middle of H band which connects thick filaments

Answer 39

M line

Question 40

When skeletal muscle fibers contract the thin filaments slide past thick filaments during contraction

Answer 40

Sliding filament theory

Question 41

H bands get ___ when contraction occurs

Answer 41

Smaller

Question 42

I bands get ___ when contraction occurs

Answer 42

smaller

Question 43

Z lines move _____ when contraction occurs

Answer 43

closer together

Question 44

Zone of overlap gets ___ when contraction occurs

Answer 44

Larger