Chapter 10: Nitrogen- and Phosphorus- Containing Compounds

Question 1

amino acids

Answer 1

are chiral (excepy glycine because the R group is a hydrogen)

Question 2

convention fisher projection

Answer 2

L-animo acid (amino group on the left), they have the S configuration

Question 3

animo groups can take on positive charges by____

Answer 3

being protonated

Question 3

anio acids are _____, so they can act both as acid and base

Answer 3

amphoteric

Question 4

carboxyl groups can take on negative charges by____

Answer 4

being deprotonated

Question 4

in basic solutions the amino acid can become fully____

Answer 4

deprotonated

Question 5

in acid solution the amino acid can become fully

Answer 5

protonated

Question 6

5 categoris of amino acids:

Answer 6

1) Nonpolar, non aromatic.

2) Nonpolar aromeric.

3) Polar

4) Negatively charged (Acidic)

5) Positively charged (Basic)

Question 7

amino acid undergo ____reaction to form peptide bond

Answer 7

condensation

Question 8

basic unit of proteins

Answer 8

popypeptides

Question 9

what is the reverse reaction to condensation?

Answer 9

hydrolysis

Question 10

why is rotation limited in the C-N bond?

Answer 10

Rotation is limited around the peptide bond because resonance gives the CN bond partial double bond character.

Question 11

strecker synthesis

Answer 11

geneates amino acids from aldehydes.

Question 12

gabriel synthesis

Answer 12

a chemical reaction that transforms primary alkyl halides into primary amines.

Question 13

inorganic phosphate (Pi)

Answer 13

a buffered mixture of hydrogen phosphate (HPO4^2-) and dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4^-)

Question 14

phosphorus is found in the backbone of DNA, which uses ______bonds. In forming these bonds, a _____ (PPi) is released.

Answer 14

phospodiester / pyrophosphate

Question 15

organic phosphates

Answer 15

carbon contaning compounds that also have phosphate groups

Question 16

why are phosphate groups good buffers?

Answer 16

because it has 3 hydrogens, each with a unique pKa, allowing phosphoric acid to act as a buffer over a large range of PH values