Chapter 10 Flashcards
Suffix: emia
condition of blood
Suffix: hemia
condition of blood
Suffix: penia
decrease in, deficiency of
Suffix: poiesis
formation, production
myel/o
bone marrow
hem/o
blood
hemat/o
blood
erythr/o
red blood cell
erythrocyt/o
red blood cell
leuk/o
white blood cell
leukocyt/o
white blood cell
lymph/o
lymphocyte
lymphocyt/o
lymphocyte
thromb/o
blood clot
thrombocyt/o
platelet, thrombocyte
immun/o
immunity, immune system
azot/o
nitrogenous compounds
calc/i
calcium
ferr/o
iron
ferr/i
iron
sider/o
iron
kali
potassium
natri
sodium
ox/y
oxygen
agranulocyte
white blood cell that does not have visible granules in its cytoplasm
albumin
a simple protein found in blood plasma
antibody
a protein produced in response to and interacting specifically with an antigen
antigen
a substance that induces the formation of an antibody
B cell
a lymphocyte that matures in lymphoid tissue and is active in producing antibodies
band cell
an immature neutrophil with a nucleus in the shape of a band (also called stab cell), brand cell counts are used to trace infections and disease
basophil
a granular leukocyte that stains strongly with basic dyes, active in allergic reactions
blood
the fluid that circulates in the cardiovascular system
coagulation
blood clotting
cross-matching
testing the compatibility of donor and recipient blood in preparation for a transfusion.
electrolyte
a substance that separates into charged particles (ions) in a solution; a salt.
eosinophil
a granular leukocyte that stains strongly with acidic dyes active in allergic reactions
erythropoietin
a hormone produced in the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow
fibrin
the protein that forms a clot in the blood coagulation process
fibrinogen
the inactive precursor of fibrin
formed elements
the cellular components of blood
gamma globulin
the fraction of blood plasma that contains antibodies, given for passive transfer of immunity
granulocyte
a white blood cell that has visable granules in its cytoplasm
hemoglobin
the iron containing pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen
hemostasis
the stoppage of bleeding
immunity
the state of being protected against a disease
immunoglobulin
an antibody ( 5 classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE)
leukocyte
white blood cells
lymphocyte
an agranular leukocyte active in immunity (T and B cells) found in blood cells and lymphoid tissue
megakaryocyte
a large bone marrow cell that fragments to release platelets
macrophage
a phagocytic cell derived from a monocyte, usually in tissues. They process antigens for Tcells
monocyte
an agranular phagocytic leukocyte
neutrophil
a granular leukocyte that stains weakly with both acidic and basic dyes, most common white blood cells. Type of phagocyte.
phagocytosis
the engulfing of foreign material by white blood cells
plasma
the liquid portion of the blood
plasma cell
a mature form of a B cell that produces antibodies
platelet
a formed element of the blood that is active in hemostasis
serum
the fraction of the plasma that remains after blood coagulation, equivalent of plasma without its clotting factors
T cell
a lymphocyte that matures in the thymus and attacks foreign cells directly
thrombocyte
a blood platelet
AIDS
immune system failure caused by infection with HIV, the virus infects T cells and thus interferes with immunity.
allergen
a substance that causes an allergic responses
allergy
hypersensitivity
anaphylactic reaction
an exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign substance, may lead to death caused by circulatory collapse and respiratory distress if untreated.
anemia
A deficiency in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood, may result from blood loss, malnutrition etc
angioedema
a localized edema with large hives involving deep layers of the skin
aplastic anemia
anemia caused by bone marrow failure resulting in deficient blood cell production
autoimmune disease
a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against an individuals own tissues
cooley anemia
a form of thalassemia (hereditary anemia) that affects production of the beta hemoglobin chain
delayed hypersensitivity reaction
an allergic reaction involving T cells that takes 12 hours to develop
ex. poison ivy, poison oak
disseminated intravascular coagulation
widespread clot formation in the microscopic vessels
ecchymosis
a collection of blood under the skin caused by leakage from small vessels
hemolysis
the rupture of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin
hemophilia
a hereditary blood disease caused by lack of clotting resulting in abnormal bleeding
hemorrhage anemia
anemia that results from blood loss
ex. injury, internal bleeding
HIV
virus that causes AIDS
hodgkin disease
a neoplastic disease of unknown cause that involves the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and other tissues. Characterized by the presence of giant Reed Sternberg cells
hypersensitivity
an immunologic reaction to a substance that is harmless to most people (allergy)
immunodeficiency
a congenital or acquired failure of the immune system to protect against disease
intrinsic factor
a substance produced in the stomach that aids in the intestinal absorption of vitamin B necessary for red blood cell production
kaposi sarcoma
cancerous lesion of the skin and other tissues (symptom of AIDS)
leukemia
malignant overgrowth of immature white blood cells, chronic or acute, affects bone marrow or lymphoid tissue
lymphadenopathy
any disease of the lymph nodes
multiple myeloma
a tumor of the blood-forming tissue in bone marrow
non-hodgkin lymphoma
NHL
a widespread malignant disease of lymph nodes that involved lymphocytes. (Diff from hodgkins because giant Reed Sternberg cells as absent)
nutritional anemia
anemia resulting from a dietary deficiency (usually iron, B12, or folic acid)
philadelphia chromosome
an abnormal chromosome found in cells of most individuals with chronic granulocytic
pernicious anemia
anemia caused by failure of the stomach to produce intrinsic factor (needed for the absorption of vitamin B)
petechiae
pinpoint, flat, purplish red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane
purpura
a condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membranes, internal organs, and other tissues
sickle cell anemia
hereditary anemia caused by presence of abnormal hemoglobin, red blood cells become sickle shaped when they give up oxygen and interfere with normal blood flow to the tissues
sideroblastic anemia
anemia caused by inability to use available iron to manufacture hemoglobin
sjögren syndrome
an autoimmune disease involving dysfunction of the exocrine glands and affecting secretion of tears, saliva, and other bodily fluids.
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
systemic lupus erythrematosus
inflammatory connective tissue disease affecting the skin and multiple organs. Patients are sensitive to light and have a red butterfly rash over nose.
systemic sclerosis
connective tissue disease that involves any system causing inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis
thalassemia
a group of hereditary anemias mostly mostly found in populations of mediterranean descent
thrombocytopenia
deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood
urticaria
a skin reaction consisting of round, raised eruptions with hitching hives
adrenaline
powerful stimulant produced by the adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system.
CD4+ T lymphocyte count
A count of T cells that have CD4 receptors for the AIDS virus HIV
epinephrine
powerful stimulant produced by the adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system.
reticulocyte counts
blood counts of reticulocytes (type of immature red blood cell) counts are useful in diagnosis to indicate the rate of erythrocyte formation
Reed Sternberg cells
Giant cells that are characteristics of hodgkin disease (two large nuclei surrounded by a halo).
