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MEDT 211 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Suffix: emia

A

condition of blood

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2
Q

Suffix: hemia

A

condition of blood

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3
Q

Suffix: penia

A

decrease in, deficiency of

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4
Q

Suffix: poiesis

A

formation, production

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5
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

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6
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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7
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

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8
Q

erythr/o

A

red blood cell

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9
Q

erythrocyt/o

A

red blood cell

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10
Q

leuk/o

A

white blood cell

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11
Q

leukocyt/o

A

white blood cell

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12
Q

lymph/o

A

lymphocyte

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13
Q

lymphocyt/o

A

lymphocyte

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14
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

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15
Q

thrombocyt/o

A

platelet, thrombocyte

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16
Q

immun/o

A

immunity, immune system

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17
Q

azot/o

A

nitrogenous compounds

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18
Q

calc/i

A

calcium

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19
Q

ferr/o

A

iron

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20
Q

ferr/i

A

iron

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21
Q

sider/o

A

iron

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22
Q

kali

A

potassium

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23
Q

natri

A

sodium

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24
Q

ox/y

A

oxygen

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25
Q

agranulocyte

A

white blood cell that does not have visible granules in its cytoplasm

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26
Q

albumin

A

a simple protein found in blood plasma

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27
Q

antibody

A

a protein produced in response to and interacting specifically with an antigen

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28
Q

antigen

A

a substance that induces the formation of an antibody

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29
Q

B cell

A

a lymphocyte that matures in lymphoid tissue and is active in producing antibodies

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30
Q

band cell

A

an immature neutrophil with a nucleus in the shape of a band (also called stab cell), brand cell counts are used to trace infections and disease

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31
Q

basophil

A

a granular leukocyte that stains strongly with basic dyes, active in allergic reactions

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32
Q

blood

A

the fluid that circulates in the cardiovascular system

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33
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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34
Q

cross-matching

A

testing the compatibility of donor and recipient blood in preparation for a transfusion.

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35
Q

electrolyte

A

a substance that separates into charged particles (ions) in a solution; a salt.

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36
Q

eosinophil

A

a granular leukocyte that stains strongly with acidic dyes active in allergic reactions

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37
Q

erythropoietin

A

a hormone produced in the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow

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38
Q

fibrin

A

the protein that forms a clot in the blood coagulation process

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39
Q

fibrinogen

A

the inactive precursor of fibrin

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40
Q

formed elements

A

the cellular components of blood

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41
Q

gamma globulin

A

the fraction of blood plasma that contains antibodies, given for passive transfer of immunity

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42
Q

granulocyte

A

a white blood cell that has visable granules in its cytoplasm

43
Q

hemoglobin

A

the iron containing pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen

44
Q

hemostasis

A

the stoppage of bleeding

45
Q

immunity

A

the state of being protected against a disease

46
Q

immunoglobulin

A

an antibody ( 5 classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE)

47
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cells

48
Q

lymphocyte

A

an agranular leukocyte active in immunity (T and B cells) found in blood cells and lymphoid tissue

49
Q

megakaryocyte

A

a large bone marrow cell that fragments to release platelets

50
Q

macrophage

A

a phagocytic cell derived from a monocyte, usually in tissues. They process antigens for Tcells

51
Q

monocyte

A

an agranular phagocytic leukocyte

52
Q

neutrophil

A

a granular leukocyte that stains weakly with both acidic and basic dyes, most common white blood cells. Type of phagocyte.

53
Q

phagocytosis

A

the engulfing of foreign material by white blood cells

54
Q

plasma

A

the liquid portion of the blood

55
Q

plasma cell

A

a mature form of a B cell that produces antibodies

56
Q

platelet

A

a formed element of the blood that is active in hemostasis

57
Q

serum

A

the fraction of the plasma that remains after blood coagulation, equivalent of plasma without its clotting factors

58
Q

T cell

A

a lymphocyte that matures in the thymus and attacks foreign cells directly

59
Q

thrombocyte

A

a blood platelet

60
Q

AIDS

A

immune system failure caused by infection with HIV, the virus infects T cells and thus interferes with immunity.

61
Q

allergen

A

a substance that causes an allergic responses

62
Q

allergy

A

hypersensitivity

63
Q

anaphylactic reaction

A

an exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign substance, may lead to death caused by circulatory collapse and respiratory distress if untreated.

64
Q

anemia

A

A deficiency in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood, may result from blood loss, malnutrition etc

65
Q

angioedema

A

a localized edema with large hives involving deep layers of the skin

66
Q

aplastic anemia

A

anemia caused by bone marrow failure resulting in deficient blood cell production

67
Q

autoimmune disease

A

a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against an individuals own tissues

68
Q

cooley anemia

A

a form of thalassemia (hereditary anemia) that affects production of the beta hemoglobin chain

69
Q

delayed hypersensitivity reaction

A

an allergic reaction involving T cells that takes 12 hours to develop
ex. poison ivy, poison oak

70
Q

disseminated intravascular coagulation

A

widespread clot formation in the microscopic vessels

71
Q

ecchymosis

A

a collection of blood under the skin caused by leakage from small vessels

72
Q

hemolysis

A

the rupture of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin

73
Q

hemophilia

A

a hereditary blood disease caused by lack of clotting resulting in abnormal bleeding

74
Q

hemorrhage anemia

A

anemia that results from blood loss

ex. injury, internal bleeding

75
Q

HIV

A

virus that causes AIDS

76
Q

hodgkin disease

A

a neoplastic disease of unknown cause that involves the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and other tissues. Characterized by the presence of giant Reed Sternberg cells

77
Q

hypersensitivity

A

an immunologic reaction to a substance that is harmless to most people (allergy)

78
Q

immunodeficiency

A

a congenital or acquired failure of the immune system to protect against disease

79
Q

intrinsic factor

A

a substance produced in the stomach that aids in the intestinal absorption of vitamin B necessary for red blood cell production

80
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

cancerous lesion of the skin and other tissues (symptom of AIDS)

81
Q

leukemia

A

malignant overgrowth of immature white blood cells, chronic or acute, affects bone marrow or lymphoid tissue

82
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

any disease of the lymph nodes

83
Q

multiple myeloma

A

a tumor of the blood-forming tissue in bone marrow

84
Q

non-hodgkin lymphoma

A

NHL
a widespread malignant disease of lymph nodes that involved lymphocytes. (Diff from hodgkins because giant Reed Sternberg cells as absent)

85
Q

nutritional anemia

A

anemia resulting from a dietary deficiency (usually iron, B12, or folic acid)

86
Q

philadelphia chromosome

A

an abnormal chromosome found in cells of most individuals with chronic granulocytic

87
Q

pernicious anemia

A

anemia caused by failure of the stomach to produce intrinsic factor (needed for the absorption of vitamin B)

88
Q

petechiae

A

pinpoint, flat, purplish red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane

89
Q

purpura

A

a condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membranes, internal organs, and other tissues

90
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hereditary anemia caused by presence of abnormal hemoglobin, red blood cells become sickle shaped when they give up oxygen and interfere with normal blood flow to the tissues

91
Q

sideroblastic anemia

A

anemia caused by inability to use available iron to manufacture hemoglobin

92
Q

sjögren syndrome

A

an autoimmune disease involving dysfunction of the exocrine glands and affecting secretion of tears, saliva, and other bodily fluids.

93
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

94
Q

systemic lupus erythrematosus

A

inflammatory connective tissue disease affecting the skin and multiple organs. Patients are sensitive to light and have a red butterfly rash over nose.

95
Q

systemic sclerosis

A

connective tissue disease that involves any system causing inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis

96
Q

thalassemia

A

a group of hereditary anemias mostly mostly found in populations of mediterranean descent

97
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood

98
Q

urticaria

A

a skin reaction consisting of round, raised eruptions with hitching hives

99
Q

adrenaline

A

powerful stimulant produced by the adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system.

100
Q

CD4+ T lymphocyte count

A

A count of T cells that have CD4 receptors for the AIDS virus HIV

101
Q

epinephrine

A

powerful stimulant produced by the adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system.

102
Q

reticulocyte counts

A

blood counts of reticulocytes (type of immature red blood cell) counts are useful in diagnosis to indicate the rate of erythrocyte formation

103
Q

Reed Sternberg cells

A

Giant cells that are characteristics of hodgkin disease (two large nuclei surrounded by a halo).

MEDT 211 (20 decks)

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