Chapter 10

Question 1

fractures in shoulder

Answer 1

+typically to clavicle and humerus by falling on an outstretched arm
+signs/symps: pain, deformity, loss of function, inability to move GH joint, point tenderness, ecchymosis, and swelling

Question 2

Dislocations/Subluxations in shoulder

Answer 2

+displacement of humeral head from normal position in the joint relative to the glenoid fossa
+from a fall on outstretched arm or direct blow
+Sign/symps: physical deformity, malalignment, swelling, ecchymosis, and shock
+patient will feel pain and significant movement of the bones during injury, swelling, point tenderness, tingling or numbness in the fingers, and loss of motion.

Question 3

shoulder separatiom

Answer 3

+disruption of AC joint caused by a fall on an outstretched arm or a direct blow to the tip of the shoulder
+AC joint, or clavicle
+signs/symps: discomfort to significant pain, deformity, and weak shoulder musculature

Question 4

shoulder sprain

Answer 4

-caused by direct blow to sternum or end of clavicle due to a fall on an outstretched arm
+blow to the tip of the shoulder, or sudden movement that stretches the joint ligaments
+signs/symps: pain, point tenderness, cant move shoulder thru full ROM w/out pain and has swelling and deformity

Question 5

Glenohumeral Joint Instability

Answer 5

+excessive movement of humeral head out of normal position
+occurs to patient who had a traumatic event such as a GH dislocation or subluxation
+result over time if patient had severe joint ligament and capsular sprains
+signs/symps: joint laxity, clicking, popping, crepitus, and pain

Question 6

shoulder strain

Answer 6

+occur to biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and rotator cuff due to forceful concentric or eccentric muscle contraction or passive muscular stretch during overhead activities
+signs/symps: pain w/ AROM, dull ache in muscles while at rest, weak and point tender muscles, a bulge and/or divot with Grade 3 strains

Question 7

Impingement Syndrome

Answer 7

+occurs w/ supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa and long head tendon of biceps brachii
+caused by overhead throwing or arm motion occurring in repetitive manner, direct trauma to area, muscular imbalance, rotator cuff weakness, GH instability, AC joint arthritis, abnormal acromion structure, thickened or calcified coracoacromial ligament, and thick subacromial bursa
+signs/symps: inflammation, pain, and inability to raise arm into a cocked, overhead, abducted, and externally rotated position due to pain and muscle weakness