Chapter 10 Flashcards
Gender (16 cards)
sex
a biological concept based on primary characteristics
intersexed
a broad term used by the medical profession to classify people why some mixture of male and female biological characteristics
secondary sex characteristics
physical traits not essential to reproduction that result from the action of male and female hormones
gender
a social distinction based on culturally conceived and learned ideals about appropriate appearance, behavior, and mental and emotional characteristics for males and females
masculinity
the physical, behavioral, and mental and emotional traits of male characteristics
femininity
the physical, behavioral, and mental and emotional traits of female characteristics
gender polarization
the organizing of social life around male-female ideas, so that someone assigned sex influences every aspect of his or her life, including how they dress, the time to get up in the morning, what to do before going to to bed at night, the things to worry about, and even the ways of expressing emotion and experiencing sexual attraction
sexual orientation
an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and or sexual attractions to men or women. sexual orientation also refers to a persons sense of identity based on those attractions, related behavior, and membership in a community of other who share this attractions
sexual scripts
responses and behaviors that people learn, in much the same way that actors learn lines for a play
commercialization of gender ideals
the process of introducing products to the market by using advertising and sales campaigns that promise consumers they will achieve masculine and feminine ideals if they buy and use the products
structural constraints
the established and customary rules, policies, and day-to-day practices that affect a persons life chances
sexism
the belief that one sex-and by extension, one gender- is innately superior to another, justifying unequal treatment of the sexes
feminism
in its most basic sense, a perspective that advocates equality between men and women
intersectionality
the interconnections among socially constructed categories of sex, gender, race, class, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, age, nationality, disability, and other statuses. these statutes combine in complex ways to influence advantages and disadvantages
penalties
constraints on a persons opportunities and choices, as well as the price paid for engaging in certain activities, appearance, or choices deemed inappropriate of someone in a particular category
privilege
a special, often unlearned, advantage or opportunity
