Chapter 1: Study Guide Flashcards
Accommodation
When people from different cultures come into contact and accept and create space for one another.
Acculturation
The cultural changes that occur when two cultures accommodate, or adapt to, each other’s worldviews.
Assimilation
A process that occurs when the culture of a minority group is absorbed by another culture.
Biodiversity
Variety in plant and animal species.
Collective
A group to which a person belongs and identifies with.
Context
Circumstances or surroundings.
Cultural Content Laws
Laws passed by a government to prevent a group’s cultural identity from being overwhelmed by the media of a more dominant culture.
Cultural Diversity
Variety in cultures and identities.
Cultural Revitalization
The process of affirming and promoting people’s individual and collective cultural identity.
Digital Divide
The gap that separates people who do — and do not — have access to up-to-date digital technology.
Economies of Scale
Savings that are achieved by producing, using, and buying things in large quantities.
Gross Domestic Product
The value of all the goods and services a country produces in a year.
Homogenization
The erasing of differences.
Hybridization
The combining of elements of two or more different things to create something new.
Media Concentration
The gathering of ownership of newspapers and other media in the hands of a few large corporations.
Media Convergence
The use of electronic technology to integrate media such as newspapers, books, TV, and the Internet.
Multiculturalism
An official Canadian government policy founded on the idea that Canadian society is pluralistic — made of many culturally distinct groups who are free to affirm and promote their own cultural identity.
Outsourcing
A business strategy that involves reducing costs by using suppliers of products and services in countries where labour is cheaper and government regulation may be less strict.
Pop Culture
The culture of the people. This term often refers to current cultural trends that are spread by commercial mass media.
Propaganda
Ideas and information spread for the purpose of achieving a specific goal.
Role Model
Someone to whom others look as an example to emulate.
Transnational Corporation
A company that is based in one country while developing and manufacturing its products, or delivering its goods and services, in more than one country.
Coltan
Coltan, is short for columbite-tantalite. Coltan helps control the flow of electricity in a cellphone’s miniature circuits.
Who is Kofi Annan?
From Ghana, secretary-general of the United Nations
What did Kofi Annan say about globalization?
- Globalization brings us closer to one another but it may also turn the world into a place of dreary uniformity
- As globalization creates prosperity it widens existing gaps
What was the action that started the Banana Wars?
European Governments gave economic help to its former colonies by giving preferred treatments to their Bananas. No taxes were placed on them.
What made people angry about the Banana Wars?
most of the bananas produced by the transnationals were taxed when they entered Europe. They also had to abide by other strict rules.
WTO
World Trade Organization
How did the large Banana companies react to the Banana Wars?
They said it was unfair and they took it to the world trade organization
What did the WTO rule about the Banana Wars?
1997, the WTO ruled that European countries must change some of the trade rules that helped banana farmers in their former colonies.
What did North America do in regards to the Banana wars because they were unsatisfied with the WTO?
To try to force even more changes, the American government imposed tariffs on many European exports to the United States.
How did Europe respond to America in regards to the Banana wars when they upped tarrif on European products?
In response, European countries changed their banana importing system again to make it easier to import bananas from all countries.
Who is Maude Barlow?
She is a national chairperson of the Council of Canadians, a citizens’ group, and a director of the International Forum on Globalization, an organization that monitors the effects of globalization.
What did Maude Barlow say about globalization?
- Globalization was created by a group of small people but made to be seen and used by all
- We can see the failure of globalization everywhere
What did Bernard Ominayak do?
A leader of the Lubicon Cree fought for their rights by creating a campaign to urge the Canadian government to compensate them for what they did and grant them a reserve on the shore of Lubicon lake.
What are McJobs?
Low-level positions that require little skill and provide few opportunities to advance.
Who is Evo Morales?
The president of Bolivia — the first Indigenous person to hold this office.
What did Evo Morales promise for Bolivia?
Morales promised Indigenous people, a greater say in governing and more control over the country’s natural resources.
-Morales wants the wealth from Bolivia’s resources to benefit Bolivians rather than transnational corporations.
What is the problem with Evo Morales plan?
Bolivia is in debt and needs foreign money to become prosperous.
Who proclaimed Canada to be a multicultural country?
Pierre Elliot Trudeau
What did the multicultural proclamation do?
This policy encourages Canada’s many cultural groups to preserve, enhance, and share their heritage,
What did PM Trudeau say about the Multicultural proclamation?
“the most suitable means of assuring the cultural freedom of Canadians . . . National unity, if it is to mean anything in the deeply personal sense, must be founded on confidence in one’s own individual identity; out of this can grow respect for that of others and a willingness to share ideas, attitudes, and assumptions.”
What happened to the Lubicon Cree?
The Yom Kippur war broke out many countries did not side with the oil-rich Country during the war. This caused them to search for a new source of oil which was found on Lubicon Cree LAnd. But it was not officially Lubicon Cree land because they were overlooked in the making of treaties. This caused them to lose their way of life.
What did Marshall McLuhan mean when he said the saying: “The medium is the message.”
This means that a message, whether on an advertising
billboard or TV program, in a newspaper, or on a website, is shaped and influenced by the way it is delivered to its audience — and this can be as n important as the message itself.
What is another name for agriculture?
Agribussiness
What does Glocal mean?
It sums up the idea that things that happen at a global level, such as international trade, affect things that happen at a local level, such as what you buy in local stores — and vice versa
What is Jargon?
A collection of terms, but it is often used by members of professional collectives, such as computer technicians, teachers, doctors, and musicians
What is Slang?
A collection of terms used by the members of a social collective, such as teenagers
What does Tariff mean?
Taxes and Duty
Transnational Media Company?
A media Company such as Disney or Sony that is based in one country and creates media in other Countries
Quota
A limited or fixed number or amount of things, in particular.
Marginalization
To put or keep (someone) in a powerless or unimportant position within a society or group.
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
Protectionism
The theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
