Chapter 1-Protein

Question 1

what are the chemical elements in Proteins

Answer 1

C- carbon
H- hydrogen
O- oxygen
N- nitrogen

Question 2

what are amino acids made up of

Answer 2

different combinations of :
C- carbon
H- hydrogen
O- oxygen
N- nitrogen

Question 3

what are protein molecules made up of

Answer 3

Different variations of amino acids

Question 4

where does the digestion of proteins start

Answer 4

In the stomach

Question 5

where is protein broken down into amino acids during digestion

Answer 5

The partially digested proteins are broken down into amino acids in the small intestine

Question 6

How many types of amino acids are there

Answer 6

20

Question 7

how many essential amino acids are there

Answer 7

9

Question 8

how many non-essential amino acids are there

Answer 8

11

Question 9

name four essential amino aids

Answer 9

leucine
lysine
threonine
valine

Question 10

name four non essential amino acids

Answer 10

glycine
proline
serine
alanine

Question 11

define protein of high biological value protein

Answer 11

Protein of high biological value are also known as complete proteins. They supply the body with all the essential amino acids in the right amounts

Question 12

food examples of high biological value proteins

Answer 12

Beefs
Chicken
Soya beans
Milk
eggs

Question 13

what is another name for high biological value protein

Answer 13

complete protein

Question 14

define protein of low biological value protein

Answer 14

proteins of low biological value proteins are also known as incomplete protein. They lack one or more essential amino acids that is required by the human body.

Question 15

what is another name for low biological value protein

Answer 15

incomplete proteins

Question 16

food examples of low biological value proteins

Answer 16

almonds
sunflower seeds
dhal
barley

Question 17

what type of food are low biological value protein food

Answer 17

all plant based foods except soya beans and quinoa are low biological value foods.

Question 18

define complimentary proteins

Answer 18

complementary proteins are formed by combining two or more low biological value protein such that the body obtains all the essential amino acids for various body functions.

Question 19

food examples of complimentary proteins

Answer 19

-dhal with rice
-baked beans and bread
-peanut and sesame brittle

Question 20

how much energy is given by one gram of protein

Answer 20

4Kcal

Question 21

5 examples of plant based proteins

Answer 21

pulses : lentils and green peas
nuts and seeds: walnuts and lotus seeds
grain products : quinoa

Question 22

8 examples of animal based proteins

Answer 22

meat: beef and chicken
eggs: duck eggs and hen eggs
dairy products: cheese and yoghurt
seafood : seabass and prawns

Question 23

7 functions of protein in body

Answer 23

-growth and repair
-providing structure
-transportation of nutrients, wastes and gases
-formation of enzymes
-strong immune system
-energy reserve
-body movement

Question 24

elaboration for growth and repair

Answer 24

portions are important to support growth and maintain good health. Proteins are also needed to repair and replace worn-out cells and tissues.

Question 25

elaboration for providing structure

Answer 25

proteins in the form of collagen are important components in the skin, nail, ligaments, muscles, tendons and other tissues providing structure.

Question 26

elaboration for transportation of nutrients, wastes and gases

Answer 26

proteins like haemoglobin transports oxygen (gases) around the body

Question 27

elaboration for formation of enzymes

Answer 27

proteins make up enzymes that help the body do many things including break down large food molecules into smaller substances during digestion.

Question 28

elaboration for strong immune system

Answer 28

proteins in the form of antibodies protect the body against attacks by harmful microorganisms and foreign substances.

Question 29

elaboration for energy reserve

Answer 29

during prolonged starvation when the body doesn’t have enough intake of carbhdrates or fats. Proteins can be broken down to supply energy.

Question 30

elabration of body movement

Answer 30

proteins make up a huge portion of the musles in the body. all body movements in due to muscl contraction.