Chapter 1: Microbiology Introduction Flashcards
What are Microorganisms?
Organisms too small to be seen with the naked unaided eye
list organisms that are cellular…
(Funky People Bake Amazing cakes)
Fungi
Protist
Bacteria
Archaea
List the acellular organisms..
“Very Vivid Stories Predict”
Viruses
Viroids
Satellites
Prions
How are we able to generate a three-domain system for microorganisms?
Through research based on comparing ribosomal RNA genes
Through research based on comparing ribosomal RNA genes, we can generate what three microorganism domain system?
(BAE)
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
what are the two types of Microbial cells?
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
A simple cell with no membrane-enclosed organelles describe what type of cell ?
Prokaryotic cell
what type of cell is larger/ more morphologically complex and contains a membrane-enclosed nucleus with organelles?
Eukaryotic Cells
List the profile for domain bacteria
- Single-cell: without membrane-bound nucleus
- Most w/ peptidoglycan in cell wall
- live in extreme environments
- Major part in the Human Microbiome
- bt disease cz and non- disease cz
list the profile for domain archaea
- SCP
- rRNA sequence distinguishes from Bac.
- unique membrane lipids
- live in extreme environments
- Ds/n directly cz disease in humans
what types of Eukarya are unicellular and larger that bacteria and archaea but have an animal like metabolism ?
Protazoa- Protists
what types of eukarya are unicellular, larger than bacteria and archaea, and photosynthetic?
Algae- protist
what eukarya can be multi or unicellular?
Fungi
yeast- unicellular
molds and mushroom: multicellular
What do we use to describe why viruses are not living organisms?
Life:
Need orderly structure
obtain energy
reproduce
( viruses don’t qualify)
What were the unique molecules found in the membranes of bacteria of molecular fossils ?
Hopanes/ Hopanoids
How many year ago was life present on earth?
3.5-3.8 billion years ago
what is the evidence of RNA world Hypothesis ?
-cellular RNA exists/associated with Ribosome
- rRNA catalyzation form peptide bond
- RNA is a sample precursor strand of DNA
- Energy ATP
- regulate gene expression
Why did cells on early earth need to be able to use energy sources under harsh conditions?
Earth super hot and lack of oxygen due to iron
what makes LUCA most significant to organisms of today?
- most recent of all 3 types of life
- Archaea and Eukarya independently evolved
- A and E diverged from LUCA
What does the endosymbiotic hypothesis explain?
Origin of mitochondria, chloroplast, and hydrogenosomes
Interaction b/w two organisms in which one lives inside of the other is called?
Endosymbiosis
Endo= inside