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GEC109 - LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL > CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE LIFE AND WORKS OF JOSE RIZAL > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE LIFE AND WORKS OF JOSE RIZAL Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three definitions of hero according to Webster’s New International Dictionary of the English language?

A
  1. A prominent or central personage taking an admirable part in any remarkable action or event.
  2. A man honored after death by public worship, because of exceptional service to mankind.
  3. A person of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering.
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2
Q

Why is Riizal our foremost national hero?

A

As a towering figure in propaganda campaign he took an admirable part in that movement which roughly covered the period from 1882 and 1896

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3
Q

Who published his novel, Ninay in madrid in 1885

A

Pedro A paterno

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4
Q

Who published his novel, La Soberanya Monacal in Barcelona in 1889

A

Marcelo H. del Pilar

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5
Q

Who published Impresiones in Madrid in 1893?

A

Antonio Luna

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6
Q

Two typical encomiums that rizal received for his novels were written by?

A

Antonio Maria Regidor and Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt

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7
Q

Who is the filipino exile of 1872 that said “the book was superior” and “if Don Quijote has made its author immortal because he exposed to the world the suffering of Spain, your Noli Me Tangere will bring you equal glory”

A

Antonio Maria Regidor

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8
Q

He wrote and congratulated Rizal saying among other things: “Your work, as we germans say, has been written with the blood of heart…Your work has exceeded my hopes and I consider myself happy to have been honored with your friendship. Not only I, but also your country, may feel happy for having in you a patriotic and loyal son. If you continue so, you will be to your people one of those great men who will exercise a determinative influence over the progress of their spiritual life”

A

Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt

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9
Q

Rizal’s novel was attacked and condemned in the Philippines in 1887 by what committee and commission?

A

Faculty Committee of a Manila university and Permanent Censorship Commission

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10
Q

Why did the Faculty Committee of a Manila university condemn rizal’s book?

A
  1. Heretical (departs from normally held beliefs especially religions, political, social norm)
  2. Impious is (not showing respect specially for a god)
  3. scandalus to the religious order and unpatriotic and subversive (trying to destroy something) to public order
  4. Libelous to the government of spain and to its political policies in this islands.
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11
Q

What did the Permanent Censorship Commission recommend regarding the importation, reproduction, and circulation of Rizal’s book?

A

Importation, reproduction, and circulation of this pernicious (naay harmful effects in gradual way) book in the island the absolutely prohibited

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12
Q

What year did the Congressional discussions and hearings on the rizal or (Noli-fili) bill, where the proponents and opponents of the bill also engage themselves in a bitter and long-drawn-out debate happen?

A

1956

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13
Q

They unjustly lambasted and criticized rizal and his noli in the two chambers of the spanish cortez in 1888 and 1889?

A
  1. Senator Fernando Vida
  2. Deputy (and ex-General) Luis M. de Pando
  3. Premiere Praxedes Mateo Sagasta
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14
Q

Who delivered a eulogy of Rizal and even recited the martyr’s Ultimo Pensamiento on the floor of United States House of Representatives in order to prove the capacity of the Filipinos for self government

A

Congressman Henry Allen Cooper of Wisconsin

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15
Q

What did Congressman Henry Allen Cooper recite in rizal’s eulogy?

A

Ultimo Pensamiento

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16
Q

What was the bill approved as the result of the Representative Cooper’s appeal in Rizal’s eulogy?

A

Philippine bill of 1902

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17
Q

What is most admirable in Rizal according to Rafael Palma

A
  1. He’s complete self-denial and abandonment of his personal interest
  2. He could have been whatever he wished to be but in him, the voice of the species was stronger than the voice of personal progress or of private fortune
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18
Q

Why was rizal shot publicly?

A

To the bigoted spaniards in spain and in the philippines he was the most intelligent, courageous and most dangerous enemy with that, he was shot publicly in order to serve as an example and warning to those of his kind

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19
Q

Where and when: Rizal was sentenced to death and made to face the firing squad?

A

Bagumbayan Field (now Luneta) in the early morning of December 30 1896

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20
Q

Who said “ Rizal was the greatest product of the philippines and that he’s coming to the world was like the appearance of a rare comet whose rare brilliance appears only every other century. “

A

Prof. Blumentritt to Dr. Maximo Viola (May 1887)

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21
Q

Who admitted that rizal was the “first among the filipinos”

A

Don vicente barrantes

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22
Q

What year was the outbreak of the revolution against spain?

A

1896

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23
Q

Early part of ___ rizal was anonymously elected by the filipino in barcelona and madrid as honorary president of the la solidaridad

A

Early part of 1889

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24
Q

Some months later, in paris, rizal organized and became chief of the __ ___

A

Indios Bravos

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25
Q

Some months later in paris, rizal organized and became chief of the

A

Indios bravos

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26
Q

Rizal was also the founder and moving spirit in the founding of the ____ ____ on ____

A

Liga Filipina (July 3, 1892 in Manila)

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27
Q

Rizal was again unanimously chosen as Chief of what year (apila answer kung asa na chief)

A

January 1891
Responsable (Chief) of the spanish- filipino association

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28
Q

P revolutionary society known as the katipunan likewise acknowledged rizal’s leadership and greatness by making him its ___ ___

A

Honorary president

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29
Q

What is the password for the third- degree members of Katipunan?

A

Rizal

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30
Q

Who led, when, and where: a commemorative program on the occasion of the first anniversary of the hero’s execution in martyrdom was held a year after Rizal’s execution?

A

General emilio aguinaldo and other revolutionary chiefs exiled to hongkong on December 29, 1897

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31
Q

Who and when: invoke the spirits of the departed heroes of the Fatherland in his opening address at the Congress assembled at Malolos Bulacan

A

President Aguinaldo on September 15, 1898

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32
Q
  • When and where did president aguinaldo issued the first official proclamation making december 30 of that year as rizal day.
  • the same proclamation ordered the hosting of the filipino flags at half mass from 12:00 noon on december 29 to 12 noon on december 30 1898
A

December 20, 1898 at the revolutionary capital at Malolos

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33
Q

Both ____ ___ edited by General Antonio Luna and the ___ ___ __ ___, official organ of the revolutionary government issued at special supplement in honor of rizal in one of their december issues in 1898

A

La Independencia
El Heraldo de la Revolution

34
Q

Who were the two greatest filipino poets in the spanish language paid glowing tributes to the martyr of bagumbayan in acknowledgement of hero’s labors and sacrifices for his people

A

Fernando Ma. Guerrero (September 25, 1898)
Cecilio Apostol (December 30, 1898)

ang dates kay when sila nagsulat

35
Q

Rizal’s colleague and friend who both spoke of the universal homage accorded to rizal immediately after his death?

A

Wenceslao E. Retana
Dr. Camilio Osias

36
Q

Who sponsored and who’s initiative was the most important and significant among the scientific necrological services held especially to honor rizal?

A

Sponsored by: Anthropological Society of Berlin on November 20, 1897
Initiative of: Dr. Rudolf Virchow (President)

37
Q

___ recited German translation of Rizal’s ____ ___ ___ on the necrological services held to honor rizal sponsored by the Anthropological Society of Berlin on November 20, 1897

A

Dr. Ed Seler recited German’s translation of my last farewell

38
Q

When did Mr. Taft, the chairman of the second philippine commission arrive in the philippines?

A

June, 1900

39
Q

When did the Philippine Commission approved Act No. 137, which organized “the political-military district of Morong” into the “Province of Rizal”

A

June 11, (1901??)

40
Q

What act organized “the political-military district of Morong” into the “Province of Rizal”

A

Act No. 137

41
Q

When did the second philippine commission began its legislative function?

A

September 1, 1900

42
Q

What was the first official step taken by the taft commission to honor our greatest hero and martyr?

A

Act No. 137

43
Q

How many days before the passage of act 137, the taft commission held a meeting at the town of pasig for the purpose of organizing the province

A

Six days

44
Q

-The meeting held by the taft commission at the town of pasig was attended by the leading citizens of both ____ and ___.
- In the meeting, a plan was presented to combine two districts into one (may objection from leaders of Morong)

A

Manila
Morong

45
Q

Whose idea is it to name the district of morong after rizal?

A

Dr. Pardo de Tavera (Filipino, not from Judge Taft)

46
Q

Who were the two countrymen of Mr. Taft who both resided in the Philippines for many years and who were very familiar with the history and lives of great Filipinos do not subscribe to the view that Jose Rizal is an American-made hero?

A

Justice George A. Malcolm and Dr. Frank C. Laubach

47
Q

Who were the two countrymen of Mr. Taft who both resided in the Philippines for many years and who were very familiar with the history and lives of great Filipinos do not subscribe to the view that Jose Rizal is an American-made hero?

A

Justice George A. Malcolm and Dr. Frank C laubach

48
Q

Granting for the sake of argument to the taft commission chose rizal out of several great Filipinos as the number one hero of his people still we can see that what the commission did was nearly to confirm a sort of ____ ____ and that was that Rizal had already been acclaimed by his countrymen and the scientific world as a foremost hero and martyr of the land of his birth.

A

fait accompli

49
Q

What is a fait accompli?

A

a thing that has already happened or been decided before those affected hear about it, leaving them with no option but to accept it.

50
Q

He is an ardent admirer and the governor-general of the Philippines during the construction of the Rizal Mausoleum on the Luneta

A

William Cameron

51
Q

According to Rafael Palma, the revolution prepared by bonifacio was only the (1) ____, the consequence of the spiritual redemption wrought by the pen of riza. Importance of the previous work of rizal seems to us superior to that of Bonifacio, because although bonifacio was (2) ____ result rizal will have more (3) ___ and ____ effects.

A
  1. Effect
  2. immediate
  3. durable and permanent
52
Q

“There are only two powers in the world, the sword and the pen; and in the end the former is always conquered by the latter. “

A

Napoleon I

53
Q

“Scholars are men of peace; They bear no arms; but their tongues are sharper than the sword; their pence carry further and give loud report than thunder. I had rather stand in the shock of basilisk than in the furry of merciles pen”

A

Sir Thomas Browne

54
Q

“Take away the sword; states can be saved without it; bring the pen!”

A

Bulwer

55
Q

When Rizal was arrested he was on his way to Cuba to use his medical skills in the service of Spain and in the manifesto of December __ 1896 he addressed to the Filipino people his refusal to align himself with the revolutionary forces

A

December 15 1896

56
Q

The sponsorship of Americans the result took two forms encouraging a:

A
  1. Rizal cult
  2. minimizing the importance of other heroes or even vilifying them
57
Q

What did Theodore Friend in his book between two empires say about (1) Aguinaldo, (2) Bonifacio and (3) Mabini___

A

(1) Aguinaldo too militant,
(2) Bonifacio too radical
(3) Mabini unregenerate

58
Q

The decision to sponsor Rizal was implemented with the passage of the three acts of the Philip-pine Commission which are

A

(1) Act 137 - which organized the political military district of Morong and named it the province of Rizal.

(2) Act 243 - which authorized a public subscription for the erection of a monument in honor of
Rizal at the Luneta.

(3) Act 345- which set aside the anniversary of his death as the day of observance.

59
Q

Factors that contributed results acceptability to the Americans as the official hero of the Filipinos:

A

(1) He was safely dead by the time the Americans began their aggression. No embarrassing anti-american quotation could ever be attributed to him.

(2) Rizal’s dramatic martyrdom had already made him the symbol of Spanish oppression.

(3) By focusing attention on him, Filipinos hatred will be concentrated on Spanish colonization, hence, lessen their feelings of hatred to Americans.

60
Q

What were the 3 factors that led to an economic rethinking by liberal Spanish officials?

A
  • The English occupation of the country
  • the end of galleon trade
  • Latin American revolutions
61
Q

A consciousness made possible by the market situation of the time

acc. kay bff - it refers to a collective awareness and sense of identity among a group of people who share common attributes such as culture, language, history, and often geographic territory

A

Nationalist consciousness

62
Q

The term Filipino originally referred to?

A

Creoles

63
Q

What is Creoles?

A

Spaniards born in the Philippines (Españoles-Filipinos for short)

64
Q

an organ which sought to take the place of the earlier Revista Circulo Hispano Filipino

A

España en Filipinas

65
Q

España en Filipinas sought to take the place of the earlier ___ ___ __ __

A

Revista Circulo Hispano Filipino

66
Q

He is a creole who founded Revista Circulo Hispano Filipino

A

Juan Atayde

67
Q

dominated by creoles and peninsulars

A

Original Circulo Hispanico- Filipino

68
Q
  • undertaking mainly of spaniards and spanish mestizos.
  • was “moderate” in tone and failed to win the sympathy of the native elements
A

España en Filipinas

69
Q

The only non spaniard on the staff of Espña en Filipinas

A

Baldomero Roxas

70
Q

The first issue of Espña en Filipinas came out in what year?

A

1887

71
Q
  • brothers who held important positions in the philippines and spain, but who, though they were born in the philippines showed more sympathy for the peninsulares.
    -criticized by Lopez-Jaena
A

Azcarraga brothers

72
Q

a street which was once named for one of azcarraga brothers has become what today

A

Claro M. recto

73
Q

“transforming an epithet into a budge of honor”

A

Indios bravos

74
Q

Senate bill ___ known as rizal bill

A

Senate bill 438

75
Q

Allied with church in battle against rizal bill where the:

A

holy name society of the philippines
- catholic actions of the philippines
- legion of mary
- knights of columbus
- daughters of isabela

76
Q

defended rizal bill

A

Senator lorenzo tanada, quintin paredes, and domocao alonto of mindanao

77
Q

Called anti-rizal bill “bigoted and intolerant”

A

Mayor Arsenio Lacson

78
Q

Ended with a fistfight in congress during debate in settling Rizal bill

A

Cebu rep. ( Ramon Durano) Pampanga rep. (Emilio Cortes)

79
Q

threatened to campaign against pro-rizal bill legislators and punish them on future elections.

A

Manuel Yap

80
Q

the Rizal bill was passed on ?

A

May 17 1956

GEC109 - LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL (7 decks)

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