Chapter 1: Intro Flashcards
Anatomy vs physiology?
anatomy: structure
physiology: function
6 levels of structure organization?
chemical -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> system -> organism
Which is not one of the 11 systems of human body?
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, psychological, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, reproductive, lymphatic, respiratory
psychological
What time period of life does embryology anatomy study?
anatomy: fertilization to 8 weeks
What time period of life does developmental anatomy study?
anatomy: fertilization to death
What is histology?
anatomy: tissue microscopic structure
What is gross anatomy?
anatomy: don’t need a microscope
What does systemic anatomy study?
anatomy: specific region with common function
What is pathological anatomy?
anatomy: changes from disease
What are the four types of tissue?
epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
What does epithelial tissue do?
covers body surface, lines hollow organs and cavities, forms glands
What are the word metaphors for the 6 levels of organization?
chemicals (letters), cells (words), tissue (sentences), organs (paragraphs), system (chapter), organism (book)
Match integumentary system vs skeletal system? Function?
- what: bones, joints, cartilage
function: body support/protection, surface area for muscle attachment, body movement, blood cells, stores minerals and lipids - what: skin, hair, nails, sweat/oil glands
function: body protection, regulates temperature, eliminates some waste, vitamin D production, detect sensation, stores fat, insulation
integumentary: 2
skeletal: 1
What is the muscular system vs nervous system?
- what: skeletal muscle tissue (usually attached to bones), tendons, smooth and cardiac muscles
function: body movement, posture, heat - what: brain, spine, nerves, sensory (eye, ear)
function: regulate body activities, detect internal/external changes, interpret changes, response with muscular contractions or glandular secretions
muscular: 1
nervous: 2
What is the endocrine system vs lymphatic system?
- what: lymph fluid/vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, B and T cells
function: return protein/fluids to blood, move fats from gastrointestinal tract to blood - what: hormone producing glands (ex. pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes)
function: regulate body activities
endocrine: 2
lymphatic: 1
What is the cardiovascular system vs respiratory?
- what: heart, blood, blood vessels
function: regulate acid-base balance, temperature, water content - what: pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe)
function: oxygen and CO2 transport, regulate acid-base balance, voice
cardiovascular: 1
respiratory: 2
What is the digestive system vs urinary?
- what: gastrointestinal tract (mouth -> anus), salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
function: physical/chemical food breakdown, nutrient absorption, waste elimination - what: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
function: urine, regulate chemical composition and volume of the blood, acid-base balance, mineral balance, regulate production of red blood cells
digestive: 1
urinary: 2
What are the 6 basic life processes?
metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
What is a normal glucose level in the blood?
70-110 mg/100mL of blood
What type of receptors detect blood pressure?
baroreceptors
Disorder vs disease?
disorder: function or structure abnormality
disease: illness with signs and symptoms
Two examples of positive feedback?
childbirth
large blood loss leading to death
Systemic disease is what?
disease that affects all or most of the body
Symptoms vs signs?
symptoms: subjective, can’t be seen by observer
signs: objective, can be seen by observer
