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A&P > Chapter 1: Intro > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy vs physiology?

A

anatomy: structure
physiology: function

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2
Q

6 levels of structure organization?

A

chemical -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> system -> organism

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3
Q

Which is not one of the 11 systems of human body?
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, psychological, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, reproductive, lymphatic, respiratory

A

psychological

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4
Q

What time period of life does embryology anatomy study?

A

anatomy: fertilization to 8 weeks

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5
Q

What time period of life does developmental anatomy study?

A

anatomy: fertilization to death

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6
Q

What is histology?

A

anatomy: tissue microscopic structure

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7
Q

What is gross anatomy?

A

anatomy: don’t need a microscope

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8
Q

What does systemic anatomy study?

A

anatomy: specific region with common function

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9
Q

What is pathological anatomy?

A

anatomy: changes from disease

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10
Q

What are the four types of tissue?

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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11
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

covers body surface, lines hollow organs and cavities, forms glands

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12
Q

What are the word metaphors for the 6 levels of organization?

A

chemicals (letters), cells (words), tissue (sentences), organs (paragraphs), system (chapter), organism (book)

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13
Q

Match integumentary system vs skeletal system? Function?

  1. what: bones, joints, cartilage
    function: body support/protection, surface area for muscle attachment, body movement, blood cells, stores minerals and lipids
  2. what: skin, hair, nails, sweat/oil glands
    function: body protection, regulates temperature, eliminates some waste, vitamin D production, detect sensation, stores fat, insulation
A

integumentary: 2
skeletal: 1

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14
Q

What is the muscular system vs nervous system?

  1. what: skeletal muscle tissue (usually attached to bones), tendons, smooth and cardiac muscles
    function: body movement, posture, heat
  2. what: brain, spine, nerves, sensory (eye, ear)
    function: regulate body activities, detect internal/external changes, interpret changes, response with muscular contractions or glandular secretions
A

muscular: 1
nervous: 2

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15
Q

What is the endocrine system vs lymphatic system?

  1. what: lymph fluid/vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, B and T cells
    function: return protein/fluids to blood, move fats from gastrointestinal tract to blood
  2. what: hormone producing glands (ex. pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes)
    function: regulate body activities
A

endocrine: 2
lymphatic: 1

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16
Q

What is the cardiovascular system vs respiratory?

  1. what: heart, blood, blood vessels
    function: regulate acid-base balance, temperature, water content
  2. what: pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe)
    function: oxygen and CO2 transport, regulate acid-base balance, voice
A

cardiovascular: 1
respiratory: 2

17
Q

What is the digestive system vs urinary?

  1. what: gastrointestinal tract (mouth -> anus), salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
    function: physical/chemical food breakdown, nutrient absorption, waste elimination
  2. what: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
    function: urine, regulate chemical composition and volume of the blood, acid-base balance, mineral balance, regulate production of red blood cells
A

digestive: 1
urinary: 2

18
Q

What are the 6 basic life processes?

A

metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction

19
Q

What is a normal glucose level in the blood?

A

70-110 mg/100mL of blood

20
Q

What type of receptors detect blood pressure?

A

baroreceptors

21
Q

Disorder vs disease?

A

disorder: function or structure abnormality
disease: illness with signs and symptoms

22
Q

Two examples of positive feedback?

A

childbirth

large blood loss leading to death

23
Q

Systemic disease is what?

A

disease that affects all or most of the body

24
Q

Symptoms vs signs?

A

symptoms: subjective, can’t be seen by observer
signs: objective, can be seen by observer

25
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

study of disease

26
Q

What are the main vital signs?

A

temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure

27
Q

What is the basic anatomical position?

A

upright, facing observer, head & eyes forward, palms turned forward

28
Q

Which system does not regulate the acid-base balance of blood?

cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory and urinary

A

lymphatic

29
Q

Which system regulates the production of red blood cells? Temperature?

Which system returns proteins, fluids and fat into the blood?

A

urinary: regulates RBC production
temperature: cardiovascular
lymphatic: returns proteins, fluids, fats into blood

A&P (9 decks)

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