Chapter 1: Evolution & Themes of Biology

Question 1

Biology

Answer 1

The scientific study of life

Question 2

Life

Answer 2

The ability to grow, consume, reproduce, have DNA, and respond to the environment

Question 3

DOGRACER

Answer 3

Themes of life: DNA, Organization, Growth and development, Response, Adapt and evolve, Cells, Energy, Reproduce

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

Deoxyribonucleic Acid - encodes the biological instructions for an organism’s structure and function

Question 5

Gene

Answer 5

Unit of inheritance encoded by linear sequence of nucleotides

Question 6

Genome

Answer 6

Organism’s entirety of DNA instructions

Question 7

Population

Answer 7

Localized group of organisms belonging to the same species living in the same area

Question 8

Community

Answer 8

Populations of species living in the same area

Question 9

Ecosystem

Answer 9

Community interactions that include abiotic environmental factors

Question 10

Biome

Answer 10

Large scale ecosystems classified by vegetation type and combinations of plants and animals

Question 11

Biosphere

Answer 11

The sum of all the planet’s ecosystems

Question 12

Emergent property

Answer 12

Property that emerges as a result of interactions between components

Question 13

Systems biology

Answer 13

Analysis of the interactions among the parts of a biological system

Question 14

Growth

Answer 14

Increase in size of organism

Question 15

Development

Answer 15

Differentiation of cells that become specific structures

Question 16

Homeostasis

Answer 16

Regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain a steady-state

Question 17

Feedback regulation

Answer 17

The output or product of a process regulates that same process

Question 18

Negative feedback

Answer 18

Response reduces the initial stimulus

Question 19

Positive feedback

Answer 19

End product speeds up its own production

Question 20

Evolution

Answer 20

Genetic change over time in populations - living organisms are modified descendants of common ancestors

Question 21

Domains of life

Answer 21

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Question 22

Domain Bacteria

Answer 22

Prokaryotic, no membrane bound organelles, simple, no nucleus, single celled

Question 23

Domain Archaea

Answer 23

Unicellular prokaryotes often in extreme environments

Question 24

Domain Eukarya

Answer 24

Unicellular and multicellular, membrane bound organelles, nucleus, larger and more complex

Question 25

Charles Darwin

Answer 25

Theory of evolution, common ancestor, and natural selection

Question 26

Cell theory

Answer 26

All living organisms are made from cells

Question 27

Cell

Answer 27

Basic unit of structure and function

Question 28

Metabolism

Answer 28

All of the chemical reactions that take place in an organism to sustain life

Question 29

Producers

Answer 29

Plants and other photosynthetic organisms that generate chemical energy

Question 30

Consumers

Answer 30

Organisms that feed on other organisms or their remains

Question 31

Asexual reproduction

Answer 31

Organisms make copies of themselves

Question 32

Sexual reproduction

Answer 32

Genomes from two parents combine