Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define Organizational Behaviour
A field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups, and structure on behaviour within organizations with the goal of applying this knowledge to improve the organization
Define Organization
A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of a group of people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.
Define Systematic Study
Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing con- clusions based on scientific evidence
Define Evidence-Based Management
Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence
Define Intuition
A gut feeling not necessarily supported by research
Contingency Approach
An approach taken by OB that considers behaviour within the context in which it occurs
Define Workforce Diversity
The mix of people in organizations in terms of gender, race, ethnicity, disability, sex- ual orientation, age, and demographic characteristics such as education and socio-economic status
Define positive organizational scholarships
An area of OB research that concerns how organizations develop human strength, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential
Define Ethical Dilemmas and ethical choices
Situations in which individuals are required to define right and wrong conduct
Define Ethics
The study of moral values or principles that guide our behaviour and inform us whether actions are right or wrong.
Define Model
An abstraction of reality.
A simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon
Define Input
Variables that lead to processes
Define Processes
Actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes.
Define outcomes
Key factors that are affected by some other variables.
Define Attitudes
Evaluations individuals make about objects, people, or events.
Define Stress
An unpleasant psychological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures.
Define Task Performance
The combina- tion of effectiveness and efficiency at doing your core job tasks.
Define organizational citizenship behaviour(OCB)
Discretionary behaviour that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements, but that nevertheless promotes the effective functioning of the organization.
Define withdrawal behaviour
The set of actions employees take to separate themselves from the organization.
Define Group Cohesion
The extent to which members of a group support and validate one another while at work.
define group functioning
The quantity and quality of a work group’s output.
define productivity
The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization.
Define effectiveness
The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clientele or customers.
Define efficiency
The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.
Define Organizational Survival
Thedegree to which an organization is able to exist and grow over the long term.
What disciplines is OBHR based on?
OB is built on contributions from a number of behavioural disciplines, including psychology, sociology, social psychology, and anthropology.
How does knowing about organizational behaviour make work and life more understandable?
From a management point of view, knowing OB can help you manage well. Managing people well pays off. It may also lead employees to have greater organizational commitment.
What challenges do managers and employees face in the workplace of the twenty-first century?
At the group level, we encounter workforce diversity and working with others.Perhaps the greatest challenge individuals face is how to behave ethically motivation and job satisfaction.
