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Microscope_lab > CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

t/f microorganisms reproduce rapidly

A

true

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2
Q

t/f microbes can be grown quickly in large populations in the labratory

A

true

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3
Q

t/f microbes cannot be seen directly

A

true

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4
Q

t/f microbes are analyzed through direct means

A

false - indirect

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5
Q

t/f some microbes can be seen without microscope

A

false

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6
Q

which is not considered a microbe
a. bacterium
b.alga
c.mushroom
d.protozoan

A

c mushroom

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7
Q

____ have shaped the development of earth’s habitat for billions of years

A

microbes

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8
Q

single celled organisms appeared on thsi planet ____ years aog

A

3.8 billion

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9
Q

Cell types arose from a single common ancestor call ___

A

LCA LAST COMMON ANCESTOR

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10
Q

eukaryotes mean ________ nucleus

A

no nucleus

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11
Q

t/fbacteria can be multi celled

A

false

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12
Q

t/f some bacteria have a nucleus

A

false

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13
Q

t/f some archaea are multi celled

A

false

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14
Q

t/f some archaea have a nucleus

A

false

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15
Q

archaea are the same as bacteria

A

false distinct

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16
Q

Akaryote means

A

no nucleus

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17
Q

prokaryotes mean

A

pre nucleus

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18
Q

Eukaryotes are a larger majority compared to bacteria

A

false

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19
Q

hwo do akaryote and prekaryote differ

A

samething, no nucelus vs pre nucleus

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20
Q
A
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21
Q

Where are microbes found
a. earths crust
b. polar ice caps
c. inside bodies of plans
d. earth landscape

A

ALL

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22
Q

______ have undergone yeras of testing adn nto been disproved
are well studied and established
not random guess

A

theories

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23
Q

light fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material accompanied by the formation of oxygen

A

photosynthesis

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24
Q

occurred in bacteria before plants evolved, did not produce oxygen

A

anoxygenic photosynthesis

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25
Q

what did oxygenic photosynthesis evolve from

A

anoxygenic photosynthesis

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26
Q

t/f an-oxygenic photosynthesis is more efficient in extracting energy from sunlight

A

false - oxygenic photosynthesis

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27
Q

photosynthetic microorganisms are responsible for ____ % of the earths photosynthesis

A

70%

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28
Q

bacteria alone are the main forces that drive the structure and content fo the soil, water adn atmospher

A

false - all microbes

29
Q

____ produce CO2, NO, and CH4 that insulate the earths atmoshphere

A

microbes

30
Q

t/f prokaryotes are the most abundant cellular organisms in the oceans

A

false - bacteria

31
Q

_______ are the most abundant inhabitants of the oceans

A

viruses

32
Q

viruses are a cellular organisms

A

false

33
Q

bacteria and fungi live in close association with ____ and assist them in obtaining nutrients and water and protect against disease

A

plants

34
Q

bread production, alcohol production, cheese production are examples of uses of _____ by humans

A

microbes

35
Q

________ manipulates the genetics of microbes, plants and animals for the purpose of creating new products and genetically modified organisms

A

genetic engineering

36
Q

______ makes it possible to transfer genetic material from one organism to another and deliberately alter DNA

A

recombinant DNA technology

37
Q

_____ uses microbes already present in introduced intentionally to restore or clean up toxic pollutants

A

bio remediation

38
Q

t/f the majority of microorgansims that associate with humans are harmful.

A

true

39
Q

whats a pathogen

A

microbe that causes disease

40
Q

t/f there is only an association between infectious disease and microbes

A

false - also noninfectious

41
Q

whats an example of a noninfectious disease that has an association with microbes

A

gastric ulcers caused by helicobacter pylori

42
Q

diseases such as heart disease, gastric ulcers, diabetes adn multiple sclerosis may have microbial cause

A

true

43
Q

explain a couple infectious disease trends

A

increaseing number of patients with weakened immune systems are subject to infectious by common microbes that are not pathogenic to healthy people.

increase in microbes that are resistant to drugs

44
Q

nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts are examples of

A

organelles

45
Q

t/f all eukaryotes are microscopic

A

false

46
Q

bacteria adn archaea are ____ times smaller than eukaryotes

A

10x

47
Q

t/f SOME bacteria and archaea lack organelles

A

false - all

48
Q

t/f viruses are independently livin gcellular oganisms

A

false

49
Q

____ are cposed of a small amount of heredity info (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes a membrane

A

virus

50
Q

prions are ____ than viruses

A

simpler

51
Q

prions have no nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) only ____

A

protein

52
Q

prions act like an _____ organism

A

infectious

53
Q

what is this an image of

A

archaea

54
Q

what is this an image of

A

fungus

55
Q

image of your

A
56
Q

what is this an image of

A

protozoa

57
Q

what is this an image of

A

virus

58
Q
A
58
Q

t/f fungus is smaller than a bacteria

A

false

58
Q

_____ studied roles of microorganisms in the fermentation of beer and wine

A

Louis Pasteur

59
Q

what was used to disprove spontaneous generation

A

swan necked flask

60
Q

how did loui pasteur disprove spontaneous generation

A

filled flasks with broth and shaped the openings into long swan-necked tubes

heated the flasks to sterilize the broth

flasks that were exposed to dust from the air showed microbial growth

flasks exposed to air but not dust showed no microbial growth

61
Q

what is spontaneous generation

A

belief that invisible vital forces present in matter led to creation o flife

62
Q

t/f even after the discovery of microbes, the belief in abiogenesis (which embraced spontaneous generation) was embraced by some scientists

A

true

63
Q

the ____ was a breakthrough in our ablity to detect tiny amounts of DNA and then amplify them into uantities sufficient for studying

A

PCR

64
Q

___ are very large molecules

A

macromolecule

65
Q

four main types of macromolecules

A
  1. carbohydrates
  2. lipids
  3. proteins
  4. nucleic acids
66
Q

___ are subunits of macromolecules

A

monomers

67
Q

polymers are chains of various lengths of____

A

monomers

Microscope_lab (13 decks)

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